圣诞节的来历和一些和圣诞节有关的故事或传说

圣诞节的来历与传说~

圣诞节起源

“圣诞节”这个名称是“基督弥撒”的缩写。弥撒是教会的一种礼拜仪式。圣诞节是一个宗教节。我们把它当作耶稣的诞辰来庆祝，因而又名耶诞节。这一天，世界所有的基督教会都举行特别的礼拜仪式。但是有很多圣诞节的欢庆活动和宗教并无半点关联。交换礼物，寄圣诞卡，这都使圣诞节成为一个普天同庆的日子。



圣诞节是基督教世界最大的节日。4世纪初，1月6日是罗马帝国东部各教会纪念耶稣降生和受洗的双重节日、称为“主显节”Epiphany，亦称“显现节”，即上帝通过耶稣向世人显示自己。当时只有耶路拉冷的教会例外，那里只纪念耶稣的诞生而不纪念耶稣的受洗。后来历史学家们在罗马基督徒习用的日历中发现公元354年12月25日页内记录着：“基督降生在犹大的伯利恒。”经过研究，一般认为12月25日为圣诞节（可能开始于公元336年的罗马教会）。约在公元375年传到小亚细亚的安提阿，公元 430年传到埃及的亚历山大里亚，耶路撒冷的教会接受得最晚，而亚美尼亚的教会则仍然坚持1月6日主显节是耶稣的诞辰。12月25日原来是波斯太阳神（即光明之神）密特拉（Mithra）的诞辰，是一个异教徒节日，同时太阳神也是罗马国教众神之一。这一天又是罗马历书的冬至节，崇拜太阳神的异教徒都把这一天当作春天的希望，万物复苏的开始。可能由于这个原因，罗马教会才选择这一天作为圣诞节。这是教会初期力图把异教徒的风俗习惯基督教化的措施之一。后来，虽然大多数教会都接受12月25日为圣诞节，但又因各地教会使用的历书不同，具体日期不能统一，于是就把12月24日到第二年的1月6日定为圣诞节节期（Christmas Tide），各地教会可以根据当地具体情况在这段节期之内庆祝圣诞节。自从12月25日被大多数教会公认为圣诞节后，原来1月6日的主显节就只纪念耶稣受洗了，但天主教会又把1月6日定为“三王来朝节”，以纪念耶稣生时东方三王（即三位博士）来朝拜的故事。随着基督教的广泛传播，圣诞节已成为各教派基督徒，甚至广大非基督徒群众的一个重要节日。在欧美许多国家里，人们非常重视这个节日，把它和新年连在一起，而庆祝活动之热闹与隆重大大超过了新年，成为一个全民的节日。12月25日的主要纪念活动都与耶稣降生的传说有关。

耶稣的出生是有一段故事的，耶稣是因着圣灵成孕，由童女玛利亚所生的。神更派遣使者加伯列在梦中晓谕约瑟，叫他不要因为玛利亚未婚怀孕而不要她，反而要与她成亲，把那孩子起名为“耶稣”，意思是要他把百姓从罪恶中救出来。



当玛利亚快要临盆的时候，罗马政府下了命令，全部人民到伯利恒务必申报户籍。约瑟和玛利亚只好遵命。他们到达伯利恒时，天色已昏，无奈两人未能找到旅馆住宿，只有一个马棚可以暂住。就在这时，耶稣要出生了！于是玛利亚唯有在马槽上，生下耶稣。后人为纪念耶稣的诞生，便定十二月二十五为圣诞节，年年望弥撒，纪念耶苏的出世。

圣诞节便是因十二月二十五日纪念耶稣的诞生，但真实的诞生日就没有人知道了。十九世纪，圣诞卡的流行、圣诞老人的出现，圣诞节也开始流行起来了。 圣诞老人的传说

圣诞老人的传说在数千年前的斯堪的纳维亚半岛即出现。北欧神话中司智慧、艺术、诗词、战争的奥丁神，寒冬时节，骑上他那八脚马坐骑驰骋于天涯海角，惩恶扬善，分发礼物。与此同时，其子雷神着红衣以闪电为武器与冰雪诸神昏天黑地恶战一场，最终战胜寒冷。据异教传说，圣诞老人为奥丁神后裔。也有传说称圣诞老人由圣·尼古拉而来，所以圣诞老人也称St.Nicholas.因这些故事大多弘扬基督精神，其出处，故事情节大多被淡忘，然而圣诞老人却永驻人们精神世界。每年圣诞日，圣诞老人骑在白羊星座上，圣童手持圣诞树降临人间，随着世事变迁，作家和艺术家开始把圣诞老人描述成我们今日熟悉的着红装、留白胡子的形象。同时不同的国度和文化对圣诞老人也有了不同的解释。在德国，传说他扮成圣童把坚果和苹果放在孩子们鞋里。他乘双轮马车四处漫游，观察人们的行为，尤其是小孩，如果表现好，将会得到苹果、坚果、糖等诸多奖品。坏孩子则得一鞭子。家长们灵机一动纷纷采用此传说来鼓励孩子们听话。大大超过了新年，成为一个全民的节日。圣诞老人已经成为圣诞节最受喜爱的象征和传统。他赶着驯鹿，拉着装满玩具和礼物的雪橇挨家挨户给每个孩子送礼物的快乐老精灵的形象已深深地留在人们的记忆中。

Christmas is a Christian holiday that celebrates the birth of Jesus Christ. No one knows the exact date of Christ's birth, but most Christians observe Christmas on December 25. On this day, many go to church, where they take part in special religious services. During the Christmas season, they also exchange gifts and decorate their homes with holly, mistletoe, and Christmas trees. The word Christmas comes from Cristes maesse, an early English phrase that means Mass of Christ. The story of Christmas comes chiefly from the Gospels of Saint Luke and Saint Matthew in the New Testament.

The history of Christmas dates back over 4000 years. Many of our Christmas traditions were celebrated centuries before the Christ child was born. The 12 days of Christmas, the bright fires, the yule log, the giving of gifts, carnivals(parades) with floats, carolers who sing while going from house to house, the holiday feasts, and the church processions can all be traced back to the early Mesopotamians.

Many of these traditions began with the Mesopotamian celebration of New Years. The Mesopotamians believed in many gods, and as their chief god-Marduk. Each year as winter arrived it was believed that Marduk would do battle with the monsters of chaos. To assist Marduk in his struggle the Mesopotamians held a festival for the New Year. This was Zagmuk, the New Year's festival that lasted for 12 days.

The Persians and the Babylonians celebrated a similar festival called the Sacaea. Part of that celebration included the exchanging of places, the slaves would become the masters and the masters were to obey. The ancient Greeks held a festival similar to that of the Zagmuk/Sacaea festivals to assist their god Kronos who would battle the god Zeus and his Titans.

The Roman's celebrated their god Saturn. Their festival was called Saturnalia which began the middle of December and ended January 1st. With cries of "Jo Saturnalia!" the celebration would include masquerades in the streets, big festive meals, visiting friends, and the exchange of good-luck gifts called Strenae (lucky fruits). The Romans decked their halls with garlands of laurel and green trees lit with candles. Again the masters and slaves would exchange places.

"Jo Saturnalia!" was a fun and festive time for the Romans, but the Christians thought it an abomination to honor the pagan god. The early Christians wanted to keep the birthday of their Christ child a solemn and religious holiday, not one of cheer and merriment as was the pagan Saturnalia.

Some legends claim that the Christian "Christmas" celebration was invented to compete against the pagan celebrations of December. The 25th was not only sacred to the Romans but also the Persians whose religion Mithraism was one of Christianity's main rivals at that time. The Church eventually was successful in taking the merriment, lights, and gifts from the Saturanilia festival and bringing them to the celebration of Christmas.

The exact day of the Christ child's birth has never been pinpointed. Traditions say that it has been celebrated since the year 98 AD. In 137 AD the Bishop of Rome ordered the birthday of the Christ Child celebrated as a solemn feast. In 350 AD another Bishop of Rome, Julius I, choose December 25th as the observance of Christmas.

The birth of Jesus had a story: In Nazareth, a city of Galilee. The virgin's name was Mary was betrothed to Joseph. Before they came together, she was found with child of the Holy Spirit. Joseph her husband was minded to put her away secretly. While he thought about these things, Gabriel, an angel of the Lord appeared to him in a dream and told him did not be afraid to take Mary as wife. And Mary will bring forth a Son, and he shall call his name, Jesus, for he will save his people from their sins.

Before Jesus births, Joseph and Mary came to Quirnius was governing Syria. So all went to be registered, everyone to his own city. Joseph also went up out of Galilee, out of the city of Nazareth, into Judea, to the city of David, which is called Bethlehem, because he was of the house and of the lineage of David, to be registered with Mary, his betrothed wife, who was with child. So it was that while they were there, the days were completed for her to be delivered. And she brought forth her firstborn Son, and wrapped him in swaddling cloths, and laid him in a manger, because there was no room for them in the inn.

And that, Christmas is the feast of the nativity of Jesus, is on 25th, December every year. But nobody knows the actual birthday of Jesus. And the Christmas has become popular when Christmas cards appeared in 1846 and the concept of a jolly Santa Claus was first made popular in nineteenth Century.

The custom of giving gifts to relatives and friends on a special day in winter probably began in ancient Rome and northern Europe. In these regions, people gave each other small presents as part of their year-end celebrations.

In the 1800's, two more Christmas customs became popular--decorating Christmas trees and sending Christmas cards to relatives and friends. Many well-known Christmas carols, including ``Silent Night" and ``Hark! The Herald Angels Sing," were composed during this period. In the United States and other countries, Santa Claus replaced Saint Nicholas as the symbol of gift giving.

The word Xmas is sometimes used instead of Christmas. This tradition began in the early Christian church. In Greek, X is the first letter of Christ's name. It was frequently used as a holy symbol.

“圣诞节”这个名称是“基督弥撒”的缩写。弥撒是教会的一种礼拜仪式。耶诞节是一个宗教节。我们把它当作耶稣的诞辰来庆祝，因而又名耶诞节。这一天，世界所有的基督教会都举行特别的礼拜仪式。但是有很多圣诞节的欢庆活动和宗教并无半点关联。交换礼物，寄圣诞卡，这都使圣诞节成为一个普天同庆的日子。

圣诞节是基督教世界最大的节日。4世纪初，1月6日是罗马帝国东部各教会纪念耶稣降生和受洗的双重节日、称为“主显节”Epiphany，亦称“显现节”即上帝通过耶稣向世人显示自己。当时只有耶路撒冷的教会例外，那里只纪念耶稣的诞生而不纪念耶稣的受洗。

后来历史学家们在罗马基督徒习用的日历中发现公元 354年12月25日页内记录着：“基督降生在犹大的伯利恒。”经过研究，一般认为12月25日作为圣诞节可能开始于公元336年的罗马教会。12月25日原来是波斯太阳神（即光明之神）密特拉（Mithra）的诞辰，是一个异教徒节日，同时太阳神也是罗马国教众神之一。这一天又是罗马历书的冬至节，崇拜太阳神的异教徒都把这一天当作春天的希望，万物复苏的开始。可能由于这个原因，罗马教会才选择这一天作为圣诞节。这是教会初期力图把异教徒的风俗习惯基督教化的措施之一。后来，虽然大多数教会都接受12月25日为圣诞节，但又因为各地教会使用的历书不同，具体日期不能统一，于是就把12月24日到第二年的1月6日定为圣诞节节期（Christmas Tide），各地教会可以根据当地具体情况在这段节期之内庆祝圣诞节。

随着基督教的广泛传播，圣诞节已成为各教派基督徒，甚至广大非基督徒群众的一个重要节日。在欧美许多国家里，人们非常重视这个节日，把它和新年连在一起，而庆祝活动之热闹与隆重大大超过了新年，成为一个全民的节日。

12月25日的主要纪念活动都与耶稣降生的传说有关。耶稣的出生是有一段故事的，耶稣是因着圣灵成孕，由童女马利亚所生的。神更派遣使者加伯列在梦中晓谕约瑟，叫他不要因为马利亚未婚怀孕而不要她，反而要与她成亲，把那孩子起名为“耶稣”，意思是要他把百姓从罪恶中救出来。当马利亚快要临盆的时候，罗马政府下了命令，全部人民到伯利恒务必申报户籍。约瑟和马利亚只好遵命。他们到达伯利恒时，天色已昏，无奈两人未能找到旅馆借宿，只有一个马棚可以暂住。就在这时，耶稣要出生了！於是马利亚唯有在马槽上，生下耶稣。

后人为纪念耶稣的诞生，便把十二月二十五日定为圣诞节，纪念耶稣的出世。但真实的诞生日就没有人知道了。十九世纪，圣诞卡的流行、圣诞老人的出现，圣诞节也开始流行起来了。

Christmas or Christmas Day is an annual holiday that marks the traditional birthdate of Jesus of Nazareth. Christmas combines the celebration of Jesus' birth with various secular traditions and customs, many of which were influenced by ancient winter festivals such as Yule[1] and Saturnalia. Christmas traditions include the display of Nativity scenes and Christmas trees, the exchange of gifts and cards, and the arrival of Santa Claus on Christmas Eve. Popular Christmas themes include the promotion of goodwill, giving, compassion, and quality family time.

Christmas Day falls on December 25. It is preceded by Christmas Eve on December 24, and in some countries is followed by Boxing Day on December 26. Some Eastern Orthodox Churches celebrate Christmas on January 7, which corresponds to December 25 on the Julian calendar. December 25 as a birthdate for Jesus is merely traditional, and is not thought to be his actual date of birth.[2]

Christmas is celebrated in most countries around the world, owing to the spread of Christianity and Western culture, along with the enduring popularity of wintertime celebrations. Various local and regional Christmas traditions are still practiced, despite the widespread influence of American and British Christmas motifs disseminated by film, popular literature, television, and other media.

---

奇台县18824286586： 圣诞节的来历和传说是什么? - ？
邸屠腰痛： 圣诞节是纪念耶稣出生,耶稣诞生的日期《圣经》并无记载,直到公元336年罗马教会开始在12月25日过此节;传说中的圣诞老人是一位身穿红袍、头戴红帽的白胡子老头.每年圣诞节他驾着鹿拉的雪橇从北方来,由烟囱进入各家,把圣诞礼物...

奇台县18824286586： 圣诞节的由来？
邸屠腰痛：圣诞节的由来:“圣诞节”这个名称是“基督弥撒”的缩写,圣诞节是西方国家的节日.每年阳历12月25日是全世界基督教徒纪念耶稣诞生的日子!耶稣的出生是有一段故事的.而且在传统习俗上,因此天使便透过这些牧羊人把消息传给更多的人知道,据说大约在十六世纪.每当佳音队去到一个家庭时.根据圣经记载:然后再由小女孩念出圣经的话语让该户人家知道今夜是耶稣降生的日子.每棵圣诞树上都挂满琳琅满目的装饰品,圣诞卡的流行,他是圣诞节活动中最受欢迎的人物、礼物和纸花,等候圣诞老人在他们入睡后把礼物放在袜子内.到底佳音队这种节日活动是怎么来的呢.所以孩子总会把一条条色彩缤纷的袜子挂在床头,耶稣来是要作世人的王,在我们亚洲的日本及其它一些国家也群起效尤!

奇台县18824286586： 圣诞节的由来和关于圣诞节的故事？
邸屠腰痛： 圣诞老人 据说他原是小亚细亚每拉城的主教,名叫圣尼古拉,死后被尊为圣徒,是一位身穿红袍、头戴红帽的白胡子老头.每年圣诞节他驾着鹿拉的雪橇从北方面来,由烟囱进入各家,把圣诞礼物装在袜子里挂在孩子们的床头上或火炉前.所以,西方人过圣诞节时,父母把给孩子的圣诞礼物装在袜子里,圣诞夜时挂在孩子们的床头上.第二天,孩子们醒来后的第一件事就是在床头上寻找圣诞老人送来的礼物.如今,圣诞老人已成为吉祥如意的象征,不仅是过圣诞节时不可缺少的人物,而且也是欢庆新年时不可缺少的人物.

奇台县18824286586： 关于圣诞节的故事 - ？
邸屠腰痛： 圣诞节三个小故事 1.圣诞老人为奥丁神后裔,也传说圣诞老人由圣·尼古拉而来,所以圣诞老人也称ST.Nicholas.据说他原是小亚细亚每拉城的主教,名叫圣尼古拉,死后被尊为圣徒,是一位身穿红袍、头戴红帽的白胡子老头.每年圣诞节他...

奇台县18824286586： 圣诞节的来历及注意事项 ？
邸屠腰痛： 对于圣诞节,每个孩子都是充满着期待的,因为孩子们总会幻想,只要床头放个袜子,那么圣诞节当天起来里面就会有自己想要的礼物.可是这些都只是我们当时天真的幻...

奇台县18824286586： 圣诞节的由来?还有关于它的其他故事?？
邸屠腰痛： 圣诞由来:圣诞节这个词来自西元10-12世纪的英国.其本身的含义是指“基督的弥撒(Christ's mass)”,即“为基督的一次聚餐”.这个仪式源自《新约》的“最后的晚餐”.而“基督的弥撒(Christ's mass)”这个词是希腊语和拉丁语的...

奇台县18824286586： 圣诞节的由来请慢慢说 ？
邸屠腰痛： 每年12月25日是全世界大多数基督徒纪念耶稣诞生的日子. 教会开始并无圣诞节,约在耶稣升天后百余年内才有.据说:第一个圣诞节是在公元138年,由罗马主教圣克里...

奇台县18824286586： 有谁知晓圣诞的来历 ？
邸屠腰痛： 耶稣基督出生的故事已经流传了多个世纪,主要根据基督教福音书中的马太福音和路加福音而来.马可福音及约翰福音没有着重记载耶稣的童年生活,路加医师在符类福音...

奇台县18824286586： 圣诞节的由来？
邸屠腰痛： 圣诞节的由来 12月25日的圣诞节是庆祝基督教创始人耶稣基督生日的日子, 是美国最大、人们最喜爱的节日. 据基督教徒的圣书《圣经》说,上帝决定让他的独生子耶稣基 督投生人间,找个母亲,然后就在人间生活,以便人们能更好地了 解...