修饰定语从句的先行词有哪些,如何使用呢

作者&投稿:隐梦 (若有异议请与网页底部的电邮联系)
定语从句先行词怎么用把所有情况列举一下 急用~

定语从句先行词
1. that既可代表事物也可代表人,which代表事物;它们在从句中作主语或宾语,that在从句中作宾语时常可省略关系词,which在从句中作宾语也可以省略。[eg:this is the book (which)you want。]而且,如果which在从句中作“不及物动词+介词”的介词的宾语,注意介词不要丢掉,而且介词总是放在关系代词which的前边,但有的则放在它原来的位置
2. which作宾语时,根据先行词与定语从句之间的语义关系,先行词与which之间的介词不能丢
3. 代表物时多用which,但在带有下列词的句子中用that而不用which,这些词包括当先行词是anything, everything, nothing , none等不定代词时,或者是由every, any, all, some, no, little, few, much等修饰时等,这时的that常被省略 还有先行词前有序数词或形容词最高级修饰时,或先行词就是序数词或最高级时.以及先行词中既有人又有物时.还有句中前面有which时,都只能用that
4. who和whom引导的从句用来修饰人,分别作从句中的主语和宾语,whom作宾语时,要注意它可以作动词的宾语也可以作介词的宾语
5. whose是关系代词,修饰名词作定语,相当于所修饰成分的前置所有格.它引导的从句可以修饰人和物, 当它引导的从句修饰物体时, 可以与 of which 调换,表达的意思一样。

定语从句

一、先行词与关系词
A.什么是先行词
被定语从句修饰的名词、代词称为先行词。我们可以这样认为, 之所以称它为先行词, 是因为修饰它的定语从句总是放在它之后, 先行词总是出现在定语从句之前, 而不同于普通形容词修饰名词时, 形容词位于名词之前。
Don’t forget the book that I told you to bring. (the book为先行词,that为关系词)把我让你带的书带过来。(这句就是the book做先行词,由that引导的定语从句)
B.先行词与关系词的关系
引导定语从句的词被称为关系词。关系词根据其在定语从句中的功能可分为关系代词和关系副词。关系代词在定语从句中作主语、宾语、表语、定语等, 关系副词在定语从句中作状语。
含有定语从句的句子一般分为两层:即主句层(第一层), 定语从句层(第二层)。
C.先行词与关系词的种类
1. 常见的关系代词
2.常见的关系副词
二、限定性定语从句与非限定性定语从句
根据定语从句与先行词间关系的紧密程度, 我们将定语从句分为限定性定语从句和非限定性定语从句。
A.限定性定语从句
限定性定语从句又称限制性定语从句, 用来修饰和限定先行词, 与先行词间的关系非常密切, 它所修饰的先行词代表一个(些)或一类特写的人或物, 从句用来说明先行词的性质、身份、特征等状况, 如果去掉, 则意思含混不清。
A doctor is a person who looks after people’s health.
(who引导的限定性定语从句, 修饰先行词a person。who在从句中作主语。) 医生就是照顾病人的人。
B.非限定性定语从句
1.非限定性定语从句的特点
非限定性定语从句起补充说明作用, 也不会影响全句的理解, 译为汉语时常常不译作定语, 而根据句意翻译为相应的其他形式的从句。对它与主句的关系不如限定性定语从句的关系紧密, 只是对先行词作些附加说明, 即使去掉,
主句的意思依然清楚。在非限定性定语从句的前面往往有逗号隔开, 如若将非限定性定语从句放在句子中间, 其前后都需要用逗号隔开。
C.限定性定语从句和非限定性定语从句的区别
限定性定语从句和非限定性定语从句在结构、用法及意义上差别很大。

定语从句放在先行词后面。定语从句分为限定性定语从句和非限定性定语从句。引导定语从句的词有关系代词that、which、who、which、whose和关系副词where 、when,关系代词和关系副词是引导词,在定语从句中担当某一成份。

1、先行词指物时,关系代词用that 或which(在句中作主语或宾语)。

如:China is a country which / that has a large population.

The computer game which/ that he is playing is his favorite.

2、先行词指人时,关系代词用(who)作主语或宾语,whom (作宾语),whose (作定语),that (作主语或宾语)。如:

The man who is mending the machine has been retired.

This is the policeman who/ whom they were talking about yesterday.

I like the girl whose mother is an actor.

注意:下列情况下关系代词只用that 而不用which 或who。

3、先行词是指物的不代词,如:all, little, few, much, none, anything, nothing, everything等时。如:I didn't understand the words all that he said.

4、先行词由最高级、序数词以及any, very, only, all, no, just 等所修饰。如:This is the most beautiful place that I have been to .

5、先行词既包括人,也包括物。如:They always like to talk about the man and the things that they see on the road.

当主句是以which 或who 开头的特殊疑问句时。如:who is the man that opened up the lab.

扩展资料

必须注意的问题

(1)关系词作主语时,从句中谓语的数。

(2)注意区别定语从句与强调句。

①定语从句中关系词作从句成分,复合句。

②强调it无意义,that/who不是引导词。

③强调it is/was和that/who后如果句子意思讲得通则是强调句,讲不通则不是。

It is the museum that/which we visited last year。(定语从句)

It was in the hotel that we stayed last night。(强调句)

(3)定语从句与同位语从句的区别。

①定语从句引导词被称为关系词,that充当主语、宾语、表语。有时可省略。

②同位语从句引导词被叫做连词,that不能充当任何成分,不可省。

Word came that their army was defeated。(同位语)

We expressed to them our wish that was the same as their。(定语)

(4)关系词在从句中省略的情况。

①关系词作宾语,前无介词时。

②关系词作表语。

(5)限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句的翻译。

(6)关系词前有介词或复杂介词,关系词只能是which和whom。

参考资料来源:百度百科-先行词



一、关系代词(在句中作主语、宾语或定语)
1. that既可代表事物也可代表人,which代表事物;它们在从句中作主语或宾语,that在从句中作宾语时常可省略关系词,which在从句中作宾语也可以省略。[eg:this is the book (which)you want。]而且,如果which在从句中作“不及物动词+介词”的介词的宾语,注意介词不要丢掉,而且介词总是放在关系代词which的前边,但有的则放在它原来的位置
2. which作宾语时,根据先行词与定语从句之间的语义关系,先行词与which之间的介词不能丢
3. 代表物时多用which,但在带有下列词的句子中用that而不用which,这些词包括当先行词是anything, everything, nothing , none等不定代词时,或者是由every, any, all, some, no, little, few, much等修饰时等,这时的that常被省略 还有先行词前有序数词或形容词最高级修饰时,或先行词就是序数词或最高级时.以及先行词中既有人又有物时.还有句中前面有which时,都只能用that
4. who和whom引导的从句用来修饰人,分别作从句中的主语和宾语,whom作宾语时,要注意它可以作动词的宾语也可以作介词的宾语
5. whose是关系代词,修饰名词作定语,相当于所修饰成分的前置所有格.它引导的从句可以修饰人和物, 当它引导的从句修饰物体时, 可以与 of which 调换,表达的意思一样。
二、关系副词(在句中作状语)
关系副词=介词+关系代词
why=for which
where=in/ at/ on/ ... which (介词同先行词搭配)
when=during/ on/ in/ ... which (介词同先行词搭配)
1. where是关系副词,用来表示地点的定语从句。
2. when引导定语从句表示时间〔注〕值得一提的是,表示时间“time"一词的定语从句只用when引导,有时不用任何关系代词,当然也不用that引导。
By the time you arrive in London, we will have stayed there for two weeks. I still remember the first time I met her. Each time he goes to business trip, he brings a lot of living necessities, such as towels, soap, toothbrush etc。
3. 当从句的逻辑主语是some, any, no, somebody, anybody, nobody, something, anything, everything或nothing时,常用there is来引导
There is somebody here who wants to speak to you. 这里有人要和你说话。

1.who指人在从句中做主语
(1) The boys who are playing football are from Class One.
(2) Yesterday I helped an old man who lost his way.
2. whom指人,在定语从句中充当宾语,常可省略。(注:who和whom已无太大区别,可以通用。)
(1) Mr. Liu is the person (whom) you talked about on the bus.
(2) Mr. Ling is just the boy whom I want to see.
(3) The man who/whom you met just now is my friend.
注意:关系代词whom在口语和非正式语体中常用who代替,可省略。
如果在从句中做宾语,就用whom或who.比如: He is the man whom/who I talk to.
如果是在从句中作主语就只能用who.比如: He is the man who has an English book.
3.which指物,在定语从句中做主语或者宾语,做宾语时可省略
(1) Football is a game which is liked by most boys.
(2) This is the pen (which) he bought yesterday.
4. that指人时,相当于who或者whom;指物时,相当于which。
在定语从句中做主语或者宾语,做宾语时可省略。
(5) The number of the people that/who come to visit the city each year rises one million.
(6) Where is the man that/whom I saw this morning?
5. whose通常指人,也可指物,在定语从句中做定语
(1) He has a friend whose father is a doctor.
(2) I once lived in a house whose roof has fallen in.whose指物时,常用以下结构来代替
(3) The classroom whose door is broken will soon be repaired.
(4) The classroom the door of which is broken will soon be repaired.
(5) Do you like the book whose color is yellow?
(6) Do you like the book the color of which is yellow?
1. when指时间,在定语从句中做时间状语
(1) I still remember the day when I first came to the school.
(2) The time when we got together finally came.
2. where指地点,在定语从句中做地点状语
(1) Shanghai is the city where I was born.
(2) The house where I lived ten years ago has been pulled down.
3. why指原因,在定语从句中做原因状语
(1) Please tell me the reason why you missed the plane.
(2) I don’t know the reason why he looks unhappy today.
注意:关系副词引导的从句可以由“介词+关系代词”引导的从句替换
(1) The reason why/ for which he refused the invitation is not clear,
(2) From the year when/in which he was going to school he began to know what he wanted when he grew up.
(3) Great changes have taken place in the city in which./where I was born.

关系词:引导定语从句的关联词称为关系词,关系词有关系代词和关系副词。关系代词有that, which, who, whom, whose, as等;关系副词有where, when, why等。
关系词常有3个作用:1,引导定语从句。2,代替先行词。3,在定语从句中担当一个成分。
who,whom一般修饰人。which that修饰动物植物或物品。
由as, which 引导的非限定性定语从句,as和which可代整个主句,相当于and this或and that。As一般放在句首,which在句中。

分为限定性定语从句和非限定性定语从句。引导定语从句的词有关系代词that、which、who、which、whose和关系副词where 、when,关系代词和关系副词是引导词,在定语从句中担当某一成份。
1、先行词指物时,关系代词用that 或which(在句中作主语或宾语)。
如:China is a country which / that has a large population.
The computer game which/ that he is playing is his favorite.
2、先行词指人时,关系代词用(who)作主语或宾语,whom (作宾语),whose (作定语),that (作主语或宾语)。如:
The man who is mending the machine has been retired.
This is the policeman who/ whom they were talking about yesterday.


定语从句如何定位先行词?
例如,在句子“The book that I borrowed from the library is very interesting.”中,“that I borrowed from the library”是一个定语从句,用来修饰“book”,而“book”就是这个定语从句的先行词。另外,有时候定语从句可能会修饰一个短语或整个句子,这...

定语从句如何确定修饰的先行词?
是的,that 除特殊句型外都必须紧跟着先行词,如果不能判断可以结合宾从的动词单复数和宾从的意思来综合判断。如原句中的宾从动词是 is,所以只能修饰复合不定代词 everything 而不能修饰可数名词复数 agents;从意思上来看,that is added to a database that may interest me. 可译为“添加到数据...

定语从句的先行词
关于定语从句的先行词分享如下:定语从句是一种修饰名词或代词的从句,用来限定或说明该名词或代词所表示的内容,通常由关系词引导。在定语从句中,关系词起到连接作用,并在从句中同时兼有代词和副词的作用。而在定语从句中,先行词则是关系词所引导的那个名词或代词,它是定语从句的核心,也是整个句子的...

定语从句的先行词怎么用
回答如下:定语从句所修饰的名词就是先行词。先行词置于定语从句之前,但中间可以插入其他成分。例如:This is the house which I lived in before.I know the boy under the tree who is my neighbour.The film brought the hours back to me when I was taken good care of in that far-away ...

怎么判断定语从句哪个先行词
1.定语从句的句型结构为:“主语+谓语+宾语”时,先行词在定语从句中作状语 2.定语从句的句型结构为:“主语+单一不及物动词(或+状语)”时,先行词在定语从句中作状语。3.定语从句的句型结构为:“主语+be动词+其它”时,先行词在定语从句中作状语,先行词为时间名词的定语从句中,关系词的选择主要...

定语从句应该如何用,它们都在什么词语后面
定语从句:在复合句中修饰名词或代词的句子在复合句中充当定语,所以叫作定语从句.先行词:定语从句所修饰的名词或代词.关系词:引导定语从句的词,分为关系代词(who,whom,that,which,whose)和关系副词(where,when,why,).复合句 :The man who (that) came is Mike.先行词 关系代词 Li Ming is ...

有whose的定语从句
一、whose为who的所有格,作“某(些)人的……”解,它所指代的先行词必须是人,其引导的`定语从句修饰它的先行词,同时它本身在从句中作定语。This is the little girl whoseparents were killed in the great earthquake。这就是在那次大地震中失去双亲的那个小姑娘。Mr Liu wants to talk to ...

whose定语从句
whose引导的定语从句的用法 一、whose为who的所有格,作“某(些)人的……”解,它所指代的先行词必须是人,其引导的定语从句修饰它的先行词,同时它本身在从句中作定语。例:This is the little girl whose parents were killed in the great earthquake。这就是在那次大地震中失去双亲的那个小姑娘...

定语从句有哪些结构?
定语从句结构为:定语从句=先行词+关系词+从句 1、先行词指被定语从句修饰的名词、代词。一般先行词出现在定语从句的前面。2、关系词作用:连接作用,连接主句和定语从句。指代先行词。在定语从句中担当成分。3、定语用来限定、修饰名词或代词,是对名词或代词起修饰、限定作用的词、短语(动词不定式短语、...

定语从句先行词有哪些?
他们的行为对大多数人所遵从的规则并不表示尊敬的人。由此我们还可以看出,"先行词"往往是分别重复出现在两个分句中的名词或代词。这也就是我们做定语从句的条件之必需。否则,"关系词"就无法去替代"先行词"而构筑定语从句了。这个道理就如同我们在计算机上"做剪贴以前要先做复制"一样。)

花山区13728149671: 定语从句的引导词有哪些?怎样使用? -
益功阿那:[答案] 定语从句是在复合句中修饰某一名词或代词的从句.被修饰的名词或代词叫做选行词, 而引导定语从句的词叫引导词,有关系代词和关系副词两类. 1. 关系代词有:that,which,who,whom,whose,在定语从句中作主语、宾语中表语,whose 作定语.代人...

花山区13728149671: 英语中定语从句的引导词及其应用? -
益功阿那:[答案] 如何选择定语从句的引导词? 一、定语从句的引导词有关系代词who,whom,whose,which,that,as;关系副词when,where,why.定语从句中引导词的选用主要看先行词在定语从句中作什么成分或者是定语从句中缺什么成分. 1.定语从句中缺主语,修饰人...

花山区13728149671: 定语从句先行词怎么用 -
益功阿那: 定语从句(一)概念:He is the boy who often goes to school late. 先行词 关系词 定语从句关系代词: that, which, who, whom, whose(定语)注:在定语从句中作主语或作宾语.关系副词: when, where, why, how.注:在定语从句中作状语. (二)原则: a. 定语从句必须紧跟在先行词后面,限制修饰先行词.b. 定语从句必须用关系词来引导.c. 关系词在定语从句中作一个句子成分. (三)定语从句可分为两大类,即限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句.

花山区13728149671: 修饰定语从句的先行词有哪些,如何使用呢
益功阿那: 一、关系代词(在句中作主语、宾语或定语) 1. that既可代表事物也可代表人,which代表事物;它们在从句中作主语或宾语,that在从句中作宾语时常可省略关系词,which在从句中作宾语也可以省略.[eg:this is the book (which)you want.]而且...

花山区13728149671: 什么叫先行词 如何用 举个例子 -
益功阿那:[答案] 先行词是定语从句的引导词前面的被定语从句所修饰的名词、代词.在定语从句中充当一定的成分. 之所以称它为先行词,是因为修饰它的定语从句总是放在它之后,先行词总是出现在定语从句之前,而不同于普通形容词修饰名词时,形容词位于名...

花山区13728149671: 定语从句的先行词是不是一般在关系代词的前面?几种关系代词怎么用? -
益功阿那:[答案] 回答这个问题前我们先看下定语从句的定义 • 定语从句的定义 定语从句在句子中作定语,用来修饰一个名词、名词词组或者代词. • 先行词和引导词 被修饰的名词、名词词组或代词叫做先行词; 在先行词和定语从句之间起连接作用的词叫做引导词....

花山区13728149671: 谁知道定语从句先行词用法小诀窍? -
益功阿那: 如果跟在人后用who,that(两种都可以) Is he the man who/that wants to see you?不过跟在物的后面用that,which(两种都可以) The package (which / that) you are carrying is about to come unwrapped. 如果你要修饰的那个词后有个逗号再接从句的话,用which(非限定定语从句) 说一样东西属于谁,用whose They rushed over to help the man whose car had broken down.从句跟的是时间\地点\原因,则分别用when\where\why

花山区13728149671: 定语从句的先行词怎么用 -
益功阿那: 你是要问关系词吧,先行词是主句里的名词或代词,无所谓怎么用.

花山区13728149671: 定语从句中先行词有最高级修饰,应用什么关系代(副)词应怎么用?与先行词在从句中的成分有关吗? -
益功阿那:[答案] 有最高级修饰,如果在定语从句中做主语或宾语,一般用that,指人的话也可以用who.要是作状语的话,看是用when或 where

花山区13728149671: 先行词有哪些?怎么用? -
益功阿那: 一、关系代词(在句中作主语、宾语或定语) 1. that既可代表事物也可代表人,which代表事物;它们在从句中作主语或宾语,that在从句中作宾语时常可省略关系词,which在从句中作宾语也可以省略.[eg:this is the book (which)you want.]而且...

本站内容来自于网友发表,不代表本站立场,仅表示其个人看法,不对其真实性、正确性、有效性作任何的担保
相关事宜请发邮件给我们
© 星空见康网