the scientists suggust that this can provide an effective early warning --

this is the main use that the scientists make ____ of natural resources.~

最好的解释在这里
make use of 是固定搭配，表示利用……的用处

这里是定语从句，先行词是use，
use 在 定语从句中充当宾语的成分，也就是充当 make 的宾语，
因为定语从句中，这个词要省略的，
这个词在定语从句中是 that，that 是定语从句的关系代词，就是先前的use

所以答案D

Now状 scientists主 believe 谓（主句）
（that this peak could result in vast solar explosions第一重从句
that could throw billions of tons of charged matter towards the Earth, causing strong solar storms 第二重定语从句修饰solar explosion，ing短语说明其后果
that could jam the telecommunications satellites and interact links sending five Olympic broadcast from London.第三重定语从句修饰solar storms)believe的宾语从句
现在科学家们相信/认为这个高峰（期）可能会带来/导致剧烈的的太阳爆发（活动），它会将上亿吨带电粒子（物质）抛向地球，造成强大的太阳风暴，有可能会阻断从伦敦发送五套运会（奥林匹克运动会）节目的通讯卫星及（信息）交互连接。

The word "here" here cannot be omitted at all~
"provide sth. for sb." is a fixed English expression.

the scientists suggust that this can provide an effective early warning for people and prevent many of people from starving.
科学家认为它能为人们提供早期警告，从而使多数人免遭饥饿。

for不应该省略。。
provide...for...

科学家们建议说这样可以为人们提供一个快捷的警示并防止更多饥饿导致的死亡。
for表示“为。。。”

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