which和that的用法和区别是什么？

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区别：

1、that和which在从句里都可以做宾语和主语，做宾语时可以省略。

2、在定语从句中,有种说法叫"关宾省",意思是关系代词在限制性定语从句中作宾语可以省略,不管是that，which，还是whom。

3、which能引导非限制性定语从句，that则不行。

4、that与which两者都可指物，常可互换。其区别主要在于：

（1）引导非限制性定语从句时，通常要用which。

如：She received an invitation from her boss, which came as a surprise. 她收到了老板的邀请，这是她意想不到的。

（2）直接放在介词后作宾语时，通常要用which。

如：The tool with which he is working is called a hammer. 他干活用的那个工具叫做锤子。

（3）much, little, none, all, few, every(thing), any(thing), no(thing) 等时，通常用that。

如：There was little that the enemy could do but surrender. 敌人无法,只有投降了。

（4）当先行词有the very, the only, the same 等修饰时，通常用that。

如：This is the only example that I know. 我知道的例子只有这一个。Those are the very words that he used. 那是他的原话。

（5）当先行词有形容词最高级或序数词(包括last, next等)等修饰时，通常用that。

如：This is the best dictionary that I’ve ever used. 这是我用过的最好的词典。

（6）当关系代词在定语从句中用作表语时，通常用that。

如：China is not the country (that) it was. 中国已不是过去的中国了。

（7）当先行词是一个既指人又指物的并列词组时，通常用that。

如：They talked about the persons and things that most impressed them. 他们谈论了使他们印象最深的人和事。

扩展资料

只能用that的几种情况：

1、当先行词为all, much, little, none及由any, every, some, no所构成的复合不定代词时。

如：We should do all that is useful to the people. 我们应该做一切有益于人民的事情。

2、当先行词被any, few, little, no, all, much, some等词修饰时。

如：You can take any seat that is free. 任何空着的座位你都可以坐。

3、当先行词为序数词或被序数词所修饰时。

如：When people talk about the cities of China, the first that comes to my mind is Beijing. 人们谈论起中国的城市的时候，我首先 想到的是北京。

4、当先行词为形容词最高级或被形容词最高级修饰时。

如：The best that I could do was to apologize. 我唯一能做的就是赔礼道歉了。

5、当先行词被the very, the only, the last, the just, the same等修饰时。

如： This is the very book that I'm looking for. 这正是我在找的书。

6、当先行词既包含人又包含物时。

如： They are talking of the heroines and their deeds that interest them. 他们正在谈论他们感兴趣的女英雄及她们的事迹。

7、当先行词是疑问代词who，which，what或主句以这些词开头时。

如：Who that has ever worked together with him doesn't admire him? 曾经和他一起工作过的谁不钦佩他？

8、当先行词为主句表语或关系代词为从句表语时。

如：That's a good book that will help you a lot. 那是本对你很有帮助的书。

9、先行词为time时，当time表示次数，引导词用that, 可省略。 当表示时间，可用that或when引导，都可省略。

如：I do remember the first time(that) I had ever heard the sweetest voice in the world.我很清楚地记得当我第一次听到世界上最美的声音的时候。

只能使用which的情况：

1、在“介词＋关系代词”结构中，关系代词必须用which。

如： The house in which we live is very large. 我们住的房子非常大。

2、先行词为“those＋表事物的复数名词”时， 关系代词通常只用which而不用that。

如：you should grasp well those skills which may be used in the future work。

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