英语成语故事

英语成语故事~

邯郸学步

English

相传在两千年前，燕国寿陵地方有一位少年，不知道姓啥叫啥，就叫他寿陵少年吧！

这位寿陵少年不愁吃不愁穿，论长相也算得上中等人材，可他就是缺乏自信心，经常无缘无故地感到事事不如人，低人一等——衣服是人家的好，饭菜是人家的香，站相坐相也是人家高雅。他见什么学什么，学一样丢一样，虽然花样翻新，却始终不能做好一件事，不知道自己该是什么模样。

家里的人劝他改一改这个毛病，他以为是家里人管得太多。亲戚、邻居们，说他是狗熊掰棒子，他也根本听不进去。日久天长，他竟怀疑自己该不该这样走路，越看越觉得自己走路的姿势太笨，太丑了。

有一天，他在路上碰到几个人说说笑笑，只听得有人说邯郸人走路姿势那叫美。他一听，对上了心病，急忙走上前去，想打听个明白。不料想，那几个人看见他，一阵大笑之后扬长而去。

邯郸人走路的姿势究竟怎样美呢？他怎么也想象不出来。这成了他的心病。终于有一天，他瞒着家人，跑到遥远的邯郸学走路去了。

一到邯郸，他感到处处新鲜，简直令人眼花缭乱。看到小孩走路，他觉得活泼、美，学；看见老人走路，他觉得稳重，学；看到妇女走路，摇摆多姿，学。就这样，不过半月光景，他连走路也不会了，路费也花光了，只好爬着回去了。

故事出自《庄子·秋水》。成语“邯郸学步”，比喻生搬硬套，机械地模仿别人，不但学不到别人的长处，反而会把自己的优点和本领也丢掉。



Imitating Another without Success and Losing What Used to Be One'sOwn Ability

Tradition has it that more than 2,oooyears ago,there lived a young man in the Shouling area of the State of Yan.As his name is not known ,we just call him Shouling young man for convenience's sake.

self confident He was at a loss as to how to behave all the time.

His family members advised him to overcome this shortcoming,but he thought they were fond of poking their noses into his business and were unwilling to provide him with tuition fee.His relatives and neighbours sneered at him,saying that he would never be able to learn anything.Asthe days went by,he even began to doubt whether he should walk the way he did,for he felt more and more that his walking gestures were too clumsy and awkward.

One day,he met some people on the road who werechattingand laughing.One of themsaid that people in Handan walked most gracefully.And thatwas just what he was most concerned about,so he hurreed towards themand wanted to make further inquiries.To his surprise,when these people saw him,they stalked off laughing.

He could not picture to himself in what way their walking gestures were graceful,no matter how hard he racked his parents one day.He went to Handanwhich was far away to learn how to walk.

As soon as he arrived in Handan,he was dazzled to find that everything was novel.He learned from the children there how to walk,because he thought that the children's walking gestures were lively and pleasing to the eye.He learnd from the old people there how to walk,because he thought the old people's walking gestures were steady .He learnd from the women there how to walk,because he thought the women' swaying walking gestures were beautiful.That being the case with him ,in less than half a month he even forgot how to walk.As he had already used up his traveling expenses,he had to crawl back home.

Thisstory come from the article"Autumn Water"in The Works of Xhuang Zi(Zhuang Zi was a famous ancient Chinese philosopher of about 300B.c.).Later the set phrase"initating another without success and losing what used to be one's own ability"is used to refer to acts of copying others mechanisally in disregard of specififc conditions.

汲黯是西汉武帝时代人，以刚直正义、敢讲真话而受人尊重。他为人和做官都不拘小节，讲求实效。虽然表面上不那么轰轰烈烈，却能把一个郡治理得井井有条，因此，朝廷把他从东海太守调到朝廷当主爵都尉——一种主管地方吏任免的官职。

有一次，汉武帝说要实行儒家的仁义之政，为老百姓办好事了。没等皇帝把话说完，汲黯就说：“陛下内心里那么贪婪多欲，表面上却要装得实行仁政，这是何苦呢？”一句话把皇帝噎了回去。汉武帝登时脸色大变，宣布罢朝，满朝文武都为汲黯捏着一把汗，担心他会因此招来大祸。武帝回到宫里以后，对身边的人说，汲黯这个人也未免太粗太直了。

从此以后，汲黯的官职再也没有提升。他当主爵都尉的时候，公孙弘、张汤都还是不起眼的小官，后来，他们一个劲儿住上升，公孙弘当上了丞相，张汤做上了御史大夫，可他汲黯还蹲在原地没动窝。有一天，汲黯对武帝说，陛下使用群臣，跟码劈柴一样，是“后来者居上”啊！汉武帝当然听得出这是发牢骚。于是，转脸对臣下们说：“人真是不能不学习啊！你们听汲黯说话，越来越离谱了！”

故事出自《史记·汲郑列传》。成语“后来居上”，往往指后起的可以胜过先前的。和汲黯说这话的原意，大不相同。



The Latecomers Surpass the Old-timers

This set phrase is derived from the complaints Ji An made to the emperor.

Ji Anlived at the time of Emperor Wudi of the Western Han Dynasty (206 B.C.-A.D.24). He was respected for being upright and just and for daring to speak the truth. He did not bother about amall matters in personal behaviour and in being an official. He was particular about actual effects and ,although he did not cause a stir ,he could keep the prefecture he governed in perfect order. Because of this. the imperial court transferred him to the central government from being the perfect of the Donghai Prefecture to being a commander in charge of the appointment and dismissal of the local officals.

Once,Emperor Wudi said that he would implement the policy of benevolence and justice of Confucianism and would do good turns to the people.Emperor Wudi Had hardly finished his remards when Ji An said that there was no need for the emperor to say so.Why should the emperor bother,Ji An said, about pretending to implement the policy of benevolence and justice since he was so greedy and avaricious within himself? This choked the emperor off. The emperor suddenly Changed his countenance and declared the meeting over. All the civilian and military officers at court were breathless with anxiety for fear that Ji An might bring disaster upon himself because of this. After returning, Emperor Wudi said to the people around him that Ji An was a little too rude and too straightforward.

For this reason ,Ji An was never promoted again. When he was the commander in charge of the appointment and dismissal of the local officials, both Gongsun Hong and Zhang Tang were low -ranking lfficials of little importance. Later ,they were promoted continuously. Gongsun Hong became the prime minister and Zhang Tang became the imperial censor. However, JiAn's post remained thesame. One day, Ji An said to Emperor Wudi that the way the emperor used his ministers was just like piling up firewood, which meant that the latecomers surpassed the old-timers. Of course, Emperor Wudi could see that Ji An was complaining. So,turning to his ministers, Emperor Wudi said, "It is true that no one can stop learning.You see, Ji An is making more and more indiscreet remarks."

This story comes from The Historical Records. Later generations use the set phrase "the latecomers surpass the old-timers " to indicate that successors can cxcel the predecessors, which is quite different from the original idea when Ji An said that the latecomers surpassed the old-timers.

东施效颦
说春秋时候，越国有个名叫西施的姑娘，她非常美丽、漂亮，一举一动也很动人。他有心口疼的疾病，犯病时总是用手按住胸口，紧皱眉头。因为人们喜欢她，所以她这副病态，在人们眼里也妩媚可爱，楚楚动人。 西施的邻村有个丑姑娘叫东施，总是想方设法打扮自己。有一次在路上碰到西施，见西施手捂胸口，紧皱眉头，显得异常美丽。她想难怪人们说她漂亮，原来是做出这种样子。如果我也做这个姿势，肯定就变漂亮了。于是她模仿西施的病态。结果人们见了原来就丑的她，现在变成这种疯疯癫癫的样子，象见了鬼一样，赶紧把门关上。Aping a Beauty (Dong Shi Xiao Ping)
Xi Shi, a famous beauty, had a pain in her bosom, so she had a frown on her face when she went out. An ugly girl named Dong Shi who lived nearby saw her and thought she looked very beautiful. Therefore when she went home, she also put her hands on her bosom and had a frown on her face.
When a rich man in the neighbourhood saw her, he shut his doors tightly and did not go out. When a poor man saw her, he took his wife and children and gave her a wide berth.
She only knew Xi Shi's frown looked beautiful but she did not know the reason for its beauty.

邯郸学步 English 相传在两千年前，燕国寿陵地方有一位少年，不知道姓啥叫啥，就叫他寿陵少年吧！ 这位寿陵少年不愁吃不愁穿，论长相也算得上中等人材，可他就是缺乏自信心，经常无缘无故地感到事事不如人，低人一等——衣服是人家的好，饭菜是人家的香，站相坐相也是人家高雅。他见什么学什么，学一样丢一样，虽然花样翻新，却始终不能做好一件事，不知道自己该是什么模样。 家里的人劝他改一改这个毛病，他以为是家里人管得太多。亲戚、邻居们，说他是狗熊掰棒子，他也根本听不进去。日久天长，他竟怀疑自己该不该这样走路，越看越觉得自己走路的姿势太笨，太丑了。 有一天，他在路上碰到几个人说说笑笑，只听得有人说邯郸人走路姿势那叫美。他一听，对上了心病，急忙走上前去，想打听个明白。不料想，那几个人看见他，一阵大笑之后扬长而去。 邯郸人走路的姿势究竟怎样美呢？他怎么也想象不出来。这成了他的心病。终于有一天，他瞒着家人，跑到遥远的邯郸学走路去了。 一到邯郸，他感到处处新鲜，简直令人眼花缭乱。看到小孩走路，他觉得活泼、美，学；看见老人走路，他觉得稳重，学；看到妇女走路，摇摆多姿，学。就这样，不过半月光景，他连走路也不会了，路费也花光了，只好爬着回去了。 故事出自《庄子·秋水》。成语“邯郸学步”，比喻生搬硬套，机械地模仿别人，不但学不到别人的长处，反而会把自己的优点和本领也丢掉。 ImitatingAnotherwithoutSuccessandLosingWhatUsedtoBeOne'sOwnAbility Traditionhasitthatmorethan2,oooyearsago,therelivedayoungmanintheShoulingareaoftheStateofYan.Ashisnameisnotknown,wejustcallhimShoulingyoungmanforconvenience'ssake. selfconfidentHewasatalossastohowtobehaveallthetime. Hisfamilymembersadvisedhimtoovercomethisshortcoming,buthethoughttheywerefondofpokingtheirnosesintohisbusinessandwereunwillingtoprovidehimwithtuitionfee.Hisrelativesandneighbourssneeredathim,sayingthathewouldneverbeabletolearnanything.Asthedayswentby,heevenbegantodoubtwhetherheshouldwalkthewayhedid,forhefeltmoreandmorethathiswalkinggesturesweretooclumsyandawkward. Oneday,hemetsomepeopleontheroadwhowerechattingandlaughing.OneofthemsaidthatpeopleinHandanwalkedmostgracefully.Andthatwasjustwhathewasmostconcernedabout,sohehurreedtowardsthemandwantedtomakefurtherinquiries.Tohissurprise,whenthesepeoplesawhim,theystalkedofflaughing. Hecouldnotpicturetohimselfinwhatwaytheirwalkinggesturesweregraceful,nomatterhowhardherackedhisparentsoneday.HewenttoHandanwhichwasfarawaytolearnhowtowalk. AssoonashearrivedinHandan,hewasdazzledtofindthateverythingwasnovel.Helearnedfromthechildrentherehowtowalk,becausehethoughtthatthechildren'swalkinggestureswerelivelyandpleasingtotheeye.Helearndfromtheoldpeopletherehowtowalk,becausehethoughttheoldpeople'swalkinggesturesweresteady.Helearndfromthewomentherehowtowalk,becausehethoughtthewomen'swayingwalkinggestureswerebeautiful.Thatbeingthecasewithhim,inlessthanhalfamonthheevenforgothowtowalk.Ashehadalreadyuseduphistravelingexpenses,hehadtocrawlbackhome. Thisstorycomefromthearticle"AutumnWater"inTheWorksofXhuangZi(ZhuangZiwasafamousancientChinesephilosopherofabout300B.c.).Laterthesetphrase"initatinganotherwithoutsuccessandlosingwhatusedtobeone'sownability"isusedtorefertoactsofcopyingothersmechanisallyindisregardofspecififcconditions. 汲黯是西汉武帝时代人，以刚直正义、敢讲真话而受人尊重。他为人和做官都不拘小节，讲求实效。虽然表面上不那么轰轰烈烈，却能把一个郡治理得井井有条，因此，朝廷把他从东海太守调到朝廷当主爵都尉——一种主管地方吏任免的官职。 有一次，汉武帝说要实行儒家的仁义之政，为老百姓办好事了。没等皇帝把话说完，汲黯就说：“陛下内心里那么贪婪多欲，表面上却要装得实行仁政，这是何苦呢？”一句话把皇帝噎了回去。汉武帝登时脸色大变，宣布罢朝，满朝文武都为汲黯捏着一把汗，担心他会因此招来大祸。武帝回到宫里以后，对身边的人说，汲黯这个人也未免太粗太直了。 从此以后，汲黯的官职再也没有提升。他当主爵都尉的时候，公孙弘、张汤都还是不起眼的小官，后来，他们一个劲儿住上升，公孙弘当上了丞相，张汤做上了御史大夫，可他汲黯还蹲在原地没动窝。有一天，汲黯对武帝说，陛下使用群臣，跟码劈柴一样，是“后来者居上”啊！汉武帝当然听得出这是发牢骚。于是，转脸对臣下们说：“人真是不能不学习啊！你们听汲黯说话，越来越离谱了！” 故事出自《史记·汲郑列传》。成语“后来居上”，往往指后起的可以胜过先前的。和汲黯说这话的原意，大不相同。 TheLatecomersSurpasstheOld-timers ThissetphraseisderivedfromthecomplaintsJiAnmadetotheemperor. JiAnlivedatthetimeofEmperorWudioftheWesternHanDynasty(206B.C.-A.D.24).Hewasrespectedforbeinguprightandjustandfordaringtospeakthetruth.Hedidnotbotheraboutamallmattersinpersonalbehaviourandinbeinganofficial.Hewasparticularaboutactualeffectsand,althoughhedidnotcauseastir,hecouldkeeptheprefecturehegovernedinperfectorder.Becauseofthis.theimperialcourttransferredhimtothecentralgovernmentfrombeingtheperfectoftheDonghaiPrefecturetobeingacommanderinchargeoftheappointmentanddismissalofthelocalofficals. Once,EmperorWudisaidthathewouldimplementthepolicyofbenevolenceandjusticeofConfucianismandwoulddogoodturnstothepeople.EmperorWudiHadhardlyfinishedhisremardswhenJiAnsaidthattherewasnoneedfortheemperortosayso.Whyshouldtheemperorbother,JiAnsaid,aboutpretendingtoimplementthepolicyofbenevolenceandjusticesincehewassogreedyandavariciouswithinhimself?Thischokedtheemperoroff.TheemperorsuddenlyChangedhiscountenanceanddeclaredthemeetingover.AllthecivilianandmilitaryofficersatcourtwerebreathlesswithanxietyforfearthatJiAnmightbringdisasteruponhimselfbecauseofthis.Afterreturning,EmperorWudisaidtothepeoplearoundhimthatJiAnwasalittletoorudeandtoostraightforward. Forthisreason,JiAnwasneverpromotedagain.Whenhewasthecommanderinchargeoftheappointmentanddismissalofthelocalofficials,bothGongsunHongandZhangTangwerelow-rankinglfficialsoflittleimportance.Later,theywerepromotedcontinuously.GongsunHongbecametheprimeministerandZhangTangbecametheimperialcensor.However,JiAn'spostremainedthesame.Oneday,JiAnsaidtoEmperorWudithatthewaytheemperorusedhisministerswasjustlikepilingupfirewood,whichmeantthatthelatecomerssurpassedtheold-timers.Ofcourse,EmperorWudicouldseethatJiAnwascomplaining.So,turningtohisministers,EmperorWudisaid,"Itistruethatnoonecanstoplearning.Yousee,JiAnismakingmoreandmoreindiscreetremarks." ThisstorycomesfromTheHistoricalRecords.Latergenerationsusethesetphrase"thelatecomerssurpasstheold-timers"toindicatethatsuccessorscancxcelthepredecessors,whichisquitedifferentfromtheoriginalideawhenJiAnsaidthatthelatecomerssurpassedtheold-timers.

麻烦采纳，谢谢!

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