在定语从句中which和that用法有什么区别

在定语从句中which和that用法有什么区别~

that与which的用法区别
两者都可指物，常可互换。其区别主要在于：

1. 引导非限制性定语从句时，通常要用which：

The current, which is very rapid, makes the river dangerous. 水流湍急，使这条河很危险。

He has to work on Sundays, which he doesn’t like. 他得在星期天工作，他是不喜欢这样的。

2. 直接放在介词后作宾语时，通常要用which：

She may be late, in which case we ought to wait for her. 她可能晚到，那样我们就要等等她。

The documents for which they were searching have been recovered. 他们找寻的文件已找到了。

This morning some port wine came, for which I have to thank you. 今天早上送来一些波尔图葡萄酒，为此我得向你道谢。

注：有时“介词+which”引导的定语从句可以转换成“介词+which+不定式”结构：

He had only the long nights in which he could study. =He had only the long nights in which to study. 他只有漫漫长夜可用来学习。

He had a couple of revolvers with which he could defend himself.= He had a couple of revolvers with which to defend himself. 他只有一两把手枪用来自卫。

3. 当先行词是下列不定代词或被它们修饰时much, little, none, all, few, every(thing), any(thing), no(thing) 等时，通常用that：

All that she lacked was training. 她缺的只是训练。

Have you everything that you need? 你需要的东西都有了吗?

The sleeping man’s subconscious mind retained everything that was said around him. 这位酣睡的人头脑的下意识能记住他周围的人说的话。

She would never do anything that was not approved of by her parents. 她父母不赞同的事她绝不会做。

4. 当先行词有the very, the only, the same 等修饰时，通常用that：

This is the only example that I know. 我知道的例子只有这一个。

Those are the very words that he used. 那是他的原话。

5. 当先行词有形容词最高级或序数词(包括last, next等)等修饰时，通常用that：

This is the best dictionary that I’ve ever used. 这是我用过的最好的词典。

The first thing that you should do is to work out a plan. 你应该做的第一件事是订个计划。

6. 当关系代词在定语从句中用作表语时，通常用that：

China is not the country (that) it was. 中国已不是过去的中国了。

7. 当先行词是一个既指人又指物的并列词组时，通常用that：

They talked about the persons and things that most impressed them. 他们谈论了使他们印象最深的人和事。

在定语从句中，which 和that 在指代事物时，一般可以互换使用，但并非在任何情况下都是这样，几种宜用that,而不宜用which 的情况如下：
①先行词为不定代词,all,much,something,everything,anything,nothing,none,the one等。
②先行词被only, any, few, little, no, just, very, one of等词修饰时。
③先行词是序数词时或被序数词修饰时。
④先行词是最高级或被最高级修饰时。
⑤先行词既有人又有物,用which和who都不适合,这时宜用that。
⑥被修饰词为数词时。
⑦如果有两个从句,其中一个关系代词已用which ,另一个关系代词宜用that,以避免语言的单调或重复。
⑧疑问词是who或which,关系代词宜用that,以避免重复。
⑨主句是There be 结构,修饰其主句的定语从句宜用that 作关系代词。
⑩被修饰成分为表语时,或者关系代词本身是定语从句的表语时,该关系代词宜用that。

定语从句中宜用which而不宜用that 的情况:
①当关系代词的前面有介词时。
②在非限制性定语从句中。
③在一个句子中有两个定语从句,其中一个定语从句的关系代词用了that, 另一个宜用which。
④当关系代词后面带有插入语时。
⑤先行词本身是that, 宜用which。
⑥先行词是those+复数名词。

被修饰的词叫先行词。定语从句不同于单词作定语的情况，它通常只能放在被修饰的词（即先行词）之后。定语 从句由关系词（关系代词、关系副词）引导，关系代词、关系副词位于定语从句句首。关系代词所代替的先行词是人或物的名词或代词，并在句中充当主语、宾语、定语等成分。关系代词在定语 从句中作主语时，从句谓语动词的人称和数要和先行词保持一致。

1.that和which的用法区别，that既可指人又可指物，which指物，指物时二者可以互换。
that可替代which作从句的主语或谓语动词的宾语，但不能作介词的宾语
2.只能用that不能用which的情况：
1.先行词是all/much/none/little/anything/evening/nothing等代词时
2.the only/the very/the last+先行词
3.序数词/形容词最高级+先行词
谚语：万事开头难.怎么说？It is the first step that is troublesome(困难的）.
4.only/all/any/no+先行词
5.当主句是以疑问词who/which开头的特殊疑问句时
6.先行词既有人又有物
翻译：他们谈论着他们所记得的人和事。They talked of the things and people they remembered.
精锐---八佰伴 Tina

建议直接看这方面的语法，然后做练习才好理解，语法还是要靠练习来巩固

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莲湖区15138955308： 定语从句中which和that用法 - ？
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