NOV（National Oilwell Varco）公司是目前全球最大的石油钻采设备供应商，有谁能详细解答NOV的成长历程？
作者&投稿：函河 （若有异议请与网页底部的电邮联系）
商业是以货币为媒介进行交换从而实现商品的流通的经济活动。商业有广义与狭义之分。广义的商业是指所有以营利为目的的事业；而狭义的商业是指专门从事商品交换活动的营利性事业。 贸易，是自愿的货品或服务交换。贸易也被称为商业。
贸易是在一个市里面进行的。最原始的贸易形式是以物易物，即直接交换货品或服务。现代的贸易则普遍以一种媒介作讨价还价，如金钱。 贸易是商业行为的一种。商业包括的范围要广。
扩展资料：
两宋时期商业繁荣：
就是建立在从唐代后期起，市坊严格分开的制度被打破，以及不再限制商品交易的时间基础上的。两宋时期的商业繁荣是全方位的。
不仅商品的种类繁多，而且国内贸易、边境贸易和对外贸易都很繁华。商业的繁荣产生了重要的影响。元代实现了国家的空前统一，促进了商业的继续繁荣。
两宋商业空前繁荣。首先，北宋建立以后，消除了晚唐、五代十国的分裂割据的局面，社会经济得以正常发展，农业、手工业的高度发展，为商业的兴盛提供了坚实的物质基础。其次，政府逐渐放松对商品交易的限制。
从唐代后期起，市坊严格分开的制度逐渐被打破，到宋代，店铺已可随处开设，买卖时间也一改日中为市的限制，早晚都可经营。第三，宋代市场上虽然仍然使用金属货币，但在北宋时，四川益州富商开始发行纸币“交子”，这是世界上最早的纸币。
参考资料来源：百度百科-商业
港口太多了,不例举了,航线可以告诉你
中外船公司简称与缩写一览表
公 司 名 称 简 称 缩 写
澳大利亚国家航运公司 澳洲航运 ANL
美国总统轮船有限公司 总统轮船 APL
比利时联合海运 比利时海运 ALLIED
南美邮船公司 南美邮船 CLAN S.A.
南美智利国家航运公司 智利航运 CCNI
法国达飞船务代理有限公司 达飞轮船 CMA CGM
正利航业股份有限公司 正利航业 CNC
京汉海运有限公司 京汉海运 CO-HEUNG
中远集装箱运输有限公司 中远集运 COSCO
达贸国际轮船公司 达贸国际 DELMAS
东南亚海运株式会社 东南亚海运 DONG WOO
德国胜利航运公司 德国胜利 SENATOR
长荣海运股份有限公司 长荣海运 EVERGREEN
远东海洋轮船公司 远东轮船 FESCO
菲泰来国际运输有限公司 菲泰来国际 FETRANS
英国荣升海运有限公司 荣升海运 HATSU
韩进海运株式会社 韩进海运 HANJIN
兴亚海运株式会社 兴亚海运 HEUNG-A
香港明华船务有限公司 香港明华 MING WAH
赫伯罗特有限公司 赫伯罗特 HAPAG-LLOYD
现代商船有限公司 现代商船 HMM
株式会社韩星船舶 韩星船舶 HSLN
伊朗伊斯兰共和国航运公司 伊朗国航 IRISL
川崎汽船株式会社 川崎汽船 K LINE
高丽海运株式会社 高丽海运 KMTC
建恒海运有限公司 建恒海运 KHL
上海浦海航运有限公司 浦海航运 PUHAI
宏海箱运有限公司 宏海箱运 RCL
山东省烟台国际海运公司 烟台国际 SYMS
墨西哥轮船公司 墨西哥轮船 TMM
德翔航运有限公司 德翔航运 T.S.
阿拉伯联合国家轮船公司 阿拉伯轮船 UASC
万海航运股份有限公司 万海航运 WHL
阳明海运股份有限公司 阳明海运 YML
以星轮船船务有限公司 以星轮船 ZIM
鲁丰航运有限公司 鲁丰航运 LU FENG
意大利邮船公司 意大利邮船 LT
马来西亚国际航运有限公司 马来西亚航运 MISC
商船三井有限公司 商船三井 MOL
地中海航运公司 地中海航运 MSC
马士基海陆有限公司 马士基海陆 MAERSK SEALAND
神原汽船株式会社 神原汽船 KAMBARA KISEN
铁行渣华船务有限公司 铁行渣华 P&O NEDLLOYD
北欧亚航运有限公司 北欧亚航运 NORASIA
日本邮船有限公司 日本邮船 NYK
东方海外货柜航运有限公司 东方海外 OOCL
萨姆达拉船务有限公司 萨姆达拉 SAMUDERA
印度国家航业 印度国航 SCI
太平船务有限公司 太平船务 PIL
泛洋商船株式会社 泛洋商船 PAN OCEAN
瑞克麦斯轮船公司 瑞克麦斯 RICKMERS
天津市海运股份有限公司 天津海运 TMSC
中国海运集团总公司 中海集运 CSCL
长锦商船株式会社 长锦商船 SINKOR
上海锦江航运有限公司 锦江航运 JINJIANG
中外运集装箱运输有限公司 中外运集运 SINOTRANS
达通国际航运有限公司 达通国际 EAS
益通航运集团 益通航运 YI-TONG
福海航运实业有限公司 福海航运 FUHAI
National Oilwell Varco designs, manufactures and sells the major mechanical components for both land and offshore drilling rigs as well as complete land drilling and well servicing rigs. The major mechanical components include drawworks, mud pumps, power swivels, SCR systems, traveling equipment and rotary tables. The Company also designs and manufactures a broad offering of downhole products, including drilling motors and specialized drilling tools for rent and sale. National Oilwell Varco also provides distribution services through its network of distribution service centers located in the United States, Canada and near major drilling and production activity worldwide.
By continuously increasing the breadth and depth of products and services offered, National Oilwell Varco has become the steward of more than 40 industry-leading brand names during the past 140 years. These strategic mergers and acquisitions have included some of the leading names in the upstream oil and gas industry, and allow National Oilwell Varco to offer a full line of high-quality products and solutions.
History of Acquisitions
1892 -
"Oil Well Engineering" acquires Continental Tube Works in Pittsburgh
1902 -
National Supply "(National)" acquires California Supply
1920 -
National acquires Union Tool
1928 -
National purchases 1/2 interest in Oil Well Engineering
1928 -
National acquires Superior Engine Company
1929 -
Oilwell acquires Wilson-Snyder Manufacturing Corp of Pittsburgh
1930 -
United States Steel acquires Oil Well. Oil Well becomes the Oilwell Division
1940 -
National acquires Central Tube Company
1944 -
Oilwell Division acquires Witte Engine Works
1945 -
Oilwell Division acquires Neilsen Pump Company
1975 -
National Supply buys remaining shares of Oil Well Engineering
1978 -
National acquires PAR Industries
1978 -
National acquires Derrick Service Int'l
1978 -
National acquires Compressor Pump and Engine
1979 -
National acquires Baylor
1979 -
National acquires small oilfield services company in Oklahoma City and calls it National Chemicals
1980 -
National purchases assets in Grenco Corporation
1981 -
National Supply (Armco) acquires Equipetrol, S.A.
1987 -
National Supply merges with USS Oilwell
1989 -
National Oilwell acquires Mission
1997 -
National Oilwell acquired Ross Hill Controls
1997 -
National Oilwell acquired PEP, Inc.
1997 -
National Oilwell acquired Dreco Energy Services Ltd. (Canada)
1998 -
National Oilwell acquired Versatech International Ltd. (Canada)
1998 -
National Oilwell acquired Specialty Tools Ltd. (Scotland)
1998 -
National Oilwell acquired Phoenix Energy Products (Harrisburg, Wooley, M&W, CDI)
1998 -
National Oilwell acquired Roberds -Johnson Industries, Inc.
1998 -
National Oilwell acquired DOSCO (Canada)
1999 -
National Oilwell acquired Dupre’ Supply Company & Dupre’ International, Inc.
1999 -
National Oilwell acquired CE (Continental Emsco) Drilling Products & Wilson Mobile Rig
1999 -
National Oilwell acquired Skytop Brewster Company
2000 -
National Oilwell acquired Republic Supply Company
2000 -
National Oilwell acquired Hitec ASA (Norway)
2000 -
National Oilwell acquired IRI International Corporation
2000 -
National Oilwell acquired Wheatley Gaso Omega
2000 -
National Oilwell acquired Baylor Company
2000 -
National Oilwell acquired Hart Sales Company
2001 -
National Oilwell acquired Maritime Hydraulics (Canada) Ltd.
2001 -
National Oilwell acquired DEMIJ (Rotterdam)
2001 -
National Oilwell acquired Tech Power Controls Co.
2001 -
National Oilwell acquired Rye Supply Company, Inc.
2001 -
National Oilwell acquired Texas Oil Works Supply, Inc.
2001 -
National Oilwell acquired HSI-Houston Scientific International, Inc.
2001 -
National Oilwell acquired AMTEX Pump & Supply
2001 -
National Oilwell acquired Rigquip Division Assets (Noble Drilling U.K. Limited)
2002 -
National Oilwell acquired HAL Oilfield Pump & Equipment (HALCO)
2002 -
National Oilwell acquired Integrated Power Systems
2002 -
National Oilwell acquired STS Oilfield Specialty & Supply, L.L.C.
2002 -
National Oilwell acquired Hydralift ASA
2003 -
National Oilwell acquired LSI Specialty Electrical Products
2003 -
National Oilwell acquired MonoFlo, Inc. (US) & Mono Group (UK)
2003 -
National Oilwell acquired Øgrey Mekaniske Verksted AS (Norway)
2005 -
National Oilwell merges with Varco becoming National Oilwell Varco
Milestones
1862 -
John Eaton Company established to furnish oilfield equipment in Oil City, PA, and surrounding area.
1867 -
Original line of products made in own shop, including bits, cable tools, temper screws, bailers, bull wheels, derricks, etc.
1869 -
John Eaton and EH Cole joined to form Eaton and Cole to furnish oilfield equipment.
1884 -
Additional own-make products, including: complete line of cable-tool drilling, fishing, and clean-out tools.
1884 -
Additional own-make products, including: standard and portable rigs, including derricks, rig irons, steam engines.
1884 -
Additional own-make products, including: casing and tubing elevators and tongs.
1886 -
Under-reamers.
1892 -
Complete all-steel drilling rig, including 72 ft. derrick, crown and traveling blocks, piston-valve twin- cylinder steam engines.
1901 -
Drawworks, swivels, bits.
1904 -
Portable all-steel drilling machines for cable-tool drilling .
1907 -
Rotary tables, portable all-steel drilling machines for rotary drilling.
1911 -
Steam driven slush pumps.
1912 -
"Mud Hog" and "Giant Mud Hog" series steam slush pumps.
1913 -
Union Tool Co. (later purchased by National Supply Co.) introduced its first rotary table.
1913 -
Union Tool Co. (later purchased by National Supply Co.) made offset steel roller chain with replaceable steel pins and bushings.
1916 -
Power slush pumps.
1918 -
Designed and patented "Imperial" Rotary Swivel.
1923 -
Make-and-break rotary tables.
1923 -
Hild differential electric drives for rotary drilling.
1926 -
Long stroke (18") Wilson-Snyder Steam Slush Pump.
1927 -
Fully-enclosed roller-bearing twin-cylinder steam engines.
1928 -
Spang, Chalfant pioneered "Magna Glo" inspection to uncover cracks in pipe.
1930 -
Emsco developed a line of duplex double acting slush (mud) pumps.
1930 -
National designed an improved band brake system for drawworks ("K" Brake) with increased leverage at optimum handle position.
1930 -
High pressure (350 psi working pressure) boilers.
1930 -
20" stroke steam slush pumps.
1930 -
Fully-enclosed oilbath rotaries.
1933 -
National started using "V" packing rings, coil spring, in wash pipe packing assemblies on rotary drilling swivels.
1933 -
Vertical twin-cylinder steam engines.
1934 -
Hydraulic feed controls for rotary drilling.
1934 -
Di-Hard slush pump liners.
1935 -
National introduced its "C" line of power duplex slush pumps, 1500 to 3000 PSI, with patented baffle chamber.
1935 -
National designed, developed, and made a new patented main bearing for rotary drilling swivels.
1935 -
Rotary drilling units (packaged unit providing independent drive to the rotary from a steam engine) .
1936 -
20" stroke power slush pumps.
1939 -
Rotary drilling unit with drive from internal combustion engine through hydraulic torque converter.
1940 -
National designed an improved 2-plate clutch for drawworks which was first installed on a 33-62-FE drawworks 1500 Hp steam driven.
1940 -
Triplex steam slush pumps.
1941 -
National furnished chain compounded sectional drive groups (as alternate to V-belt) to power drawworks, rotary, and mud pumps.
1945 -
Completely air controlled power rigs (drawworks and drives).
1946 -
National introduced "Gammaloy" drill collars, as a less expensive nonmagnetic stainless steel to replace K-Monel material.
1946 -
Portable derricks.
1947 -
National Hydraulic Coupling introduced as a fluid cushion connection between engines and drive group to absorb shock loads.
1947 -
National designed, developed, and made a new "Quick-Seal" hose connections for rotary swivel or standpipe goosenecks.
1949 -
National type "A" single stage Torque Converter, designed specifically for drilling rigs, introduced for drive group compounds.
1949 -
Drilling depth record of 20,521 ft set at Rock Springs, Wyoming by a rig using National drilling equipment.
1949 -
Automatically regulated hydraulic feed controls for rotary drilling.
1950 -
National designed an improved drum type clutch for drawworks (Dy-A-Flex) with increased reliability and simpler to service.
1951 -
Introduced overrunning clutch between drawworks drumshaft and auxiliary brake for mechanical rigs.
1951 -
National designed, developed, and made a new patented "Uniflex" wash pipe & packing box for rotary drilling swivels.
1952 -
Introduced "Micromatic" drilling controls for drawworks to automatically feed off pipe as the hole is drilled.
1953 -
Drilling depth record of 21,482 ft set in Paloma Field, California by a rig using National drilling equipment.
1953 -
Extreme high horsepower, high pressure power slush pump for jet bit drilling.
1955 -
Hook blocks.
1956 -
National obtained patent on improved wash pipe for "Uniflex" wash pipe & packing box for rotary drilling swivels.
1956 -
National introduced 2 step "Spirallel" integral drawworks drum grooving as an improvement for spooling wire rope onto the drum.
1956 -
Drilling depth record of 22,570 ft set by a drilling barge south of New Orleans using National drilling equipment.
1958 -
Triplex plunger mud pump unit w/ 2-speed transmission and direct connected engine for high pressure & slim hole drilling.
1959 -
Lever lift drilling masts.
1959 -
Induction-hardened steel slush pump liners.
1959 -
Swivels with quick removable wash pipes.
1960 -
Introduced "Seal-Lock tubing, a premium threaded and coupled connection for deep wells.
1962 -
Introduced a subsea christmas tree on a producing well in the Gulf of Mexico.
1963 -
Continental Emsco introduced the Electrohoist II Drawworks.
1964 -
Furnished remotely installed well head in 600 ft water depth.
1967 -
Introduced A37-1/2 Rotary.
1968 -
Introduced a mechanical jacking system for offshore jack-up rigs featuring high efficiency lifting mechanism with opposed pinions.
1968 -
National's first triplex mud pumps, model 10-P-130, rated for 1300 HP, are first used on a land rig.
1969 -
Continental Emsco introduced the F1000 Triplex Mud Pump.
1969 -
Furnished an early subsea production system in the Norwegian sector of the North Sea.
1969 -
Oilwell's first triplex mud pumps, model 1400-PT, rated for 1400 HP, are shipped.
1970 -
Introduced new line of Oilwell "PC" (Positive Centering) Swivels ranging from 100 to 650 tons capacity.
1972 -
Oilwell A1400-PT and A1700-PT single acting Triplex Slush (Mud) Pumps fitted with fluid ends for high volume application.
1973 -
Oilwell A49-1/2 Rotary for offshore drilling.
1974 -
Introduced Oilwell 350-PT single acting triplex mud pumps designed for transport by air-lift.
1977 -
Kremco completes its first in-house designed workover rig, model K600.
1977 -
Dreco designs and constructs two covered bolted beam leg derricks.
1978 -
Dreco's first originally designed drawworks, 400 HP, is designed and built by Glenn Knutson.
1979 -
Dreco builds its first 2.5 million lb mast and substructure.
1979 -
Dreco introduces a new patented beam leg mast with special hinged back bracing for improved transporting on land rig moves.
1980 -
"Slingshot" substructure allowing installation of major components & raising of mast at ground level, before elevating substructure.
1981 -
Dreco develops proprietary designs for various drilling equipment, including rotary tables, traveling blocks, and triplex mud pumps.
1981 -
Dreco introduces its "Superior" Drawworks models 700UE, 700M, and 1000UE at the OTC in Houston.
1981 -
Dreco introduced the first 4,000 HP Drawworks on a land rig.
1981 -
Dreco introduced the first Traveling Block rated for 1,250 tons.
1982 -
Dreco introduced the first 156 ft "Slingshot" Mast and substructure rated for 2,500,000 lb, with 40 ft high drill floor, for a land rig.
1983 -
Dreco designs the "Sandmaster", a self-propelled workover/drilling rig for desert operations.
1983 -
Griffith introduces a hydraulic/mechanical drilling jar to the Canadian oilpatch.
1984 -
Griffith designs and builds the "Torquemaster", a tool break-out machine which becomes a major product line for Griffith.
1985 -
GH introduced a new patented disc brake system designed for drawworks (design purchased by National in Jan 1987).
1986 -
Griffith designs and tests its first proprietary downhole steerable drilling motor, tradenamed "Trudril".
1986 -
Dreco develops a cantilevered arctic rig design featuring a sliding drill floor to permit the drilling of more wells from a smaller pad.
1986 -
Dreco introduced a new BOP handling system powered by hydraulic cylinder operated wireline hoists.
1987 -
Dreco introduces the "Kremcovets" prototype service rig at tradeshow in Moscow, which is a Kremco rig on a Soviet Kirovets tractor.
1988 -
Dreco introduced a new patented capping beam "Gripper" system for horizontal jacking of rig substructures on offshore platforms.
1990 -
Continental Emsco shipped model FC-2200 Triplex Mud Pumps.
1990 -
National-Oilwell shipped model 14-P-200 Triplex Mud Pumps (later uprated to 2200 HP).
1990 -
National-Oilwell installed a PS-500 Top Drive, with patented rotating side skid, allowing it to swing out of tripping path in minutes.
1992 -
Dreco introduced a new "Lift and Roll" skidding system for horizontal moving of rig substructures on offshore platforms.
1992 -
Drawworks electric remote controls combined with PLC kinetic energy monitor system to prevent traveling block overspeed.
1993 -
Dreco designs and constructs its first coiled tubing rigs.
1995 -
Dreco introduces its new injector head for coil tubing rigs at the OTC in Houston.
1995 -
Dreco, in partnership with Hitec, designed and made first variable frequency AC driven drawworks (no main drum or aux. braking).
1997 -
Continental Emsco shipped 5,000 HP Electrohoist Drawworks for offshore rig.
1997 -
Dreco introduced a new "slip" type rotary deadline anchor that allows drill line to be "cut & slipped" without removal from anchor.
1997 -
National-Oilwell introduced a high pressure hydrodynamic wash pipe packing assy., using a Kalsi seal, w/ 4" bore for Drilling Swivels.
1998 -
Continental Emsco introduced the first 60-1/2" rotary, model T-6050, for offshore rigs to handle large diameter riser pipe.
1999 -
National-Oilwell shipped two Dreco designed semi-automated trailerized doubles land drilling rigs, with Hitec Cyberbase controls.
1999 -
National Oilwell, in partnership with Hitec, designed and made first AC driven "Active Heave Compensating Drawworks" for floating Drilling Rigs.
1999 -
SAP was implemented in distribution groups to facilitate inventory control, financial planning, logistics, purchasing, and e-commerce worldwide.
2000 -
Pete Miller named COO for National Oilwell.
2000 -
National Oilwell implemented Customer Connect, an online application to provide customers with detailed analysis of their spend.
2001 -
National Oilwell receives order for two Santa Fe jack-up rigs.
2001 -
Pete Miller named CEO.
2001 -
BroadVision-based online web catalog implemented to allow ordering via the internet.
2002 -
National Oilwell produced the PowerStroke Dual Hydraulic Drilling Jar.
2002 -
National Oilwell introduced the Multi-Opening Circulating Sub, eliminated the requirement to pull out of hole and remove drop-ball.
2002 -
National Oilwell introduced the Mini-Tong to improve safety during makeup and breakout connections on small tools and pipes.
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潮晨保利： NOV(National Oilwell Varco), 中文译名:国民油井华高.自 1841年以来,NOV一贯致力于保证顾客得 到最高质量的油田产品与服务. 凭借超过 700 个遍布全球的制造、销售及服务中心,National Oilwell Varco 以顾客为重点,提供能满足能源...
淅川县15184612638： 求助火急问题! NOV的Crane.... - ？
潮晨保利： National Oilwell Varco (NOV)中文译名:国民油井华高美国公司世界上最大的石油钻采供应商NOV 提供各种吊车、绞车、锚泊、铺管和敷缆系统、升降与滑移设备以及动态补偿系统.此外,产品系列还包括 FPSO 成套设备及锚泊牵引与供应船 (AHTS) 成套设备. 查看原帖>> 满意请采纳
淅川县15184612638： nov是几月 - ？
潮晨保利： november,英语单词,名词百,意为“十一月”. 【发音】英[nəʊˈvembə(r)]美[no'vɛmbɚ] 【短语搭配】 November 17月17日 in November在十一月 ; 在十一月份 ; 月份 ; 十一月份 November Sky十一月的天度空 ; 十一月的天 ...
淅川县15184612638： 英语里面的Nov是什么意思啊？
潮晨保利： 那个应该是十一月的缩写,November.
淅川县15184612638： NNW(Net National Welfare)是什么意思? - ？
潮晨保利： 同学你好,很高兴为您解答!NNW(Net National Welfare),您说的这个英文词语在CMA的考试中比较常见,学会这个词语对考取英文CMA资格证书特别有帮助.这个词语的汉语意思是:国民福利指标.希望高顿网校的回答能帮助您解决问题,更多CMA问题欢迎提交给高顿企业知道.高顿祝您生活愉快!
淅川县15184612638： 中国国旗用英语怎么说 - ？
潮晨保利： the Chinese national flag. the Chinese national banner. China banner or flag.
淅川县15184612638： 请问护照上的NOV是什么意思？
潮晨保利： NOV是英语十一月的缩写,应该有两个地方有这个NOV吧.一个是签发日期,一个是有效期.看来你的护照2008年11月24号就到期了.
淅川县15184612638： 英语里面的Nov是什么意思啊 - ？
潮晨保利： 答案是: 是 November 十一月的缩写 ~手工翻译,尊重劳动,欢迎提问,感谢采纳!~
淅川县15184612638： 国家大剧院的英文名是什么? - ？
潮晨保利： China's National Grand Theater 中国国家大剧院
