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(一)改用“不定式”或“不定式短语” ,如果定语从句的时态与主句的时态具有同时性(包括谓语有情态动词)或之后性,则可以用“关系代词或关系副词+不定式”来简化,或直接用“不定式”来修饰先行词。要注意的是,此时的不定式一定要是及物动词,如果是不及物,则需要在动词后面加上相应的介词,使之成为及物动词短语。这个结尾的介词可以提前到关系代词前面,也可以继续留在句尾。前者是正式说法,后者是非正式说法。,例1:We moved to the country so that the children would have a garden in which they could play in.,我们搬到了乡下,好让孩子们有个花园在里面玩。,改为:We moved to the country so that the children would have a garden in which to play.,或者:We moved to the country so that the children would have a garden to play in.,例2:He felt miserable unless he had neighbors (whom)he could quarrel with.,他要是没有可以吵架的邻居就难受。,改为:He felt miserable unless he had neighbors with whom to quarrel.,或者:He felt miserable unless he had neighbors to quarrel with. ,例3: The conference which will be held this afternoon is bound to be a great success. 计划在今天下午举行的会议一定会取得成功。,改为:The conference which to be held this afternoon is bound to be a great success.,或者:The conference to be held this afternoon is bound to be a great success.,例4:At a ceremony in Honolulu on Dec. 29, Postmaster General John E. Potter gave a preview of the Lunar New Year Commemorative Stamps Souvenir Sheet, the grand finale of the Lunar Year stamp series, which will be available in 2005. ,12月29日,美国邮政总局局长约翰·E·波特在檀香山从句了农历新年的纪念邮票小型张的揭幕仪式,这枚小型张将于2005年正式发行,它为农历新年的系列纪念邮票写下了完美的结局。(注意:与定语从句一样,也可以采用非限制性形式),改为:At a ceremony in Honolulu on Dec. 29, Postmaster General John E. Potter gave a preview of the Lunar New Year Commemorative Stamps Souvenir Sheet, the grand finale of the Lunar Year stamp series, to be available in 2005.,
(二)改用“介词短语” ,介词短语替代定语从句有两种方式:(1)省略“关系副词+主语+be动词”,或“关系代词+be动词”;(2)根据从句的意思改编。,例1:We have never fotten the days (when we were) at college.,我们从来没有忘记在大学对书的日子。,例2:I don’t know the person (who is) in your office.,在你办公司的那个人我不认识。,例3:Those who have high expectations but do not have those relationship skills are likely to be brought down to earth fairly quickly as their Prince or Princess Charming falls off their pedestal.,改为:Those with high expectations but without those relationship skills are likely to be brought down to earth fairly quickly as their Prince or Princess Charming falls off their pedestal.,那些对婚姻期望太高却又不具备处理婚姻关系技巧的人,一旦他们心中的白马王子或白雪公主从神圣的光环里跌落,他们就会很快地回到现实中。,例4:He is not a person who likes to haggle over every ounce.,改为:He is a person above personal interests. ,他不是一个斤斤计较的人。,
(三)改用“现在分词短语”和“过去分词短语” ,“现在分词短语”作后置定语,此项要明白三点:(1)“现在分词短语”与前面的名词一定是主谓关系;(2)它隐含的时态为与谓语动词同一阶段的时态。例如:谓语是一般现在时或将来时,现在分词所隐含的是现在时、现在正在继续时;如果谓语动词为一般过去时或将来时,现在分词所隐含的时态为过去时、过去正在进行时;(3)being+-ed表示“正在进行时的被动语态”。如果信息的中心在什么时候可以用现在分词呢?,(1)当被修饰的名词为“不定代词”、“泛指意义的名词”或“专有名词”,可用现在分句短语作后置定语,由于主语是泛指,句子的意思往往表达的是一条“道理”或一件“事实”,所以它们的隐含时为“一般现在时”,此时就可以用分词短语作后置定语。为了看清分词所隐含的时态,配上定语。,为了读者看得明白,配上定语从句,把分词所替代的时间展示出来。,例1:Anyone touching that wire will get an electric stock. ,任何人碰到那根电线就会触电。,= Anyone who touches that wire will get an electric stock.,例2:The only real and lasting solution is to convince people that driving is a skilled taskrequiring (=which requires) constant care and concentration.,唯一一个有效、持久的方法是说法人们相信,开车是一种技术活,需要不断的小心,思想不能开小差。,例3:Charles and Sydney, looking (=who look)so much like each other, are often considered to be ins.,查尔斯和悉尼两个人的相貌非常相似,经常被人误解为双胞胎。,注:虽然被修饰的词是泛指意义的词,但是如果从句里的时态不是同步,则不可以用“现在分词”去作后置定语,只能用“定语从句”。,例句Do you know anybody who has lost a dog? ,你知道有谁丢了一只猫?,(2) 当被修饰的名词为特指,即有the限定,可用现在分句短语作后置定语,此类与上面一类一样,与被修饰词之间的关系为主动关系,所不同的是它强调该动词“正在进行”。,例1:Would you help me to pass this note to the person sitting in the corner? ,能帮助我把这个条子递给坐在角落的那个人吗?,= Would you help me to pass this note to the person who is sitting in the corner?,注:同上一个“注”道理一样,本项虽然主句的主语是特指,但两个动作时态不是在同一阶段时间内发生,所以也不能用“现在分词”作定语,只能用“定语从句”。,例:The police are questioning the criminal who robbed the bank. ,警察在审问那个抢劫银行的犯人。,(4)“Being+过去分词”表示“正在进行时的被动语态”,“Being+过去分词”作后置定语等同于含有“正在进行时+被动语态”的定语从句。请注意与下面的“过去分词”作后置定语的区别,此项里的being是不可以省略的,否定表示现在时、完成时和过去时的被动关系了(详见2)“过去分词”作后置定语)。,例1:The dormitory being built is for girl students. ,正在盖的宿舍是给女生住的。,例2:The baby being taken care of by my mother is mine., 正在由我妈妈带的这个婴儿是我的。,“过去分词短语”作后置定语,此项要明白三点:(1)“过去分词短语”与前面的名词一定是动宾关系;(2)主句为一般现在时或一般将来时,“过去分词”所隐含的时态是“一般现在时”或“现在完成时”。如果有时间/地点状语或有by引导的介词,还可以替代过去时,因为时间/地点状语以及by引导的状语都是强调的是动作。当谓语动词是“一般过去时或过去将来时”的时候,“过去分词”所隐含的时态是“一般过去时”或“过去完成时”。下面同样用分词与定语从句对比的方式要看看“过去分词”所替代的时态。,例1:The risk associated with a particular course of action may be lessened by use of a group rather than an individual decision-maker. 对于作出某项行动的决定,集体作的要比个人作的风险小。,= The risk which is associated with a particular course of action may be lessened by use of a group rather than an individual decision-maker. (由于主句为一般现在时,从句的时态与它同步,所以可以省略关系代词和助动词),例2:In fall 1992, people in Iowa sent truckloads of water to help Floridians hit(=which was hit) by a hurricane.,在1992年的秋天,爱荷华州的居民将好几辆卡车的水送到受飓风袭击的佛罗里达州人的手里。,例3:I’d like to make some ments on the meeting held (=which was held)yesterday. 我想对昨天召开的会议发表一点看法。,
(四)改用“形容词短语” ,“形容词短语”省略的理由和方式,与“分词短语”作后置定语一样。当它们不是句中的重点信息,就可以去掉关系代词和be动词。形容词作后置定语同定语从句一样,可以分为“限制性”和“非限制性”。,例1:I bought this ic book hot off the press. 我买了这本刚刚出版的漫画书。,例2:She is a kind lady, ready to help others. 她是一个善良的女人, 总是帮助别人。,例3:Companies large and *** all the world over have been developing their own “corporate universities”. 全世界大大小小的公司都一直在办自己的“公司大学”。,
(五)改用“主语从句”或“名词短语” ,当which引导的定语从句指代主句全部内容时,可以把which改为it,作形式主语,把原来的主句改成正在主语。或者把定语从句的整个信息改换为名词短语作主语,使原来的定语从句变成简单句。,例4: He indulges himself all day in puter games, which makes his parents extremely sad.,改为:It makes his parents extremely sad that he indulges himself all day in puter games.,他整天沉湎于电脑游戏,这使他父母伤心至极。(主语从句),或者:His indulgence in puter games all day makes his parents extremely sad. (名词短语)
一个关于定语从句的问题
首先,两个逗号隔开的中间部分是一个非限制性定语从句的简化形式(=which is a project that EU ……straightforward),整个句子的主干是:Even completing the banking union looks tricky.其次,若将插入部分还原成独立的句子,就是EU officials thought (that) the project was straightforward。这样,...
英语定语从句
(此句中,三个非限定性定语从句分别对三个先行词:satellites ,computers和television进行补充、说明。如果去掉这三个非限定性定语从句,那么句子可简化为:The combination of satellites , computers and television will change every home into an education and entertainment center .)卫星能传输信息,...
请问英语定语从句改成分词作定语,有什么需要注意的?
回答如下:英语定语从句和分词短语都可以作定语,但用法不尽相同。定语从句可选用你所需要的任何时态和语态,而分词短语则通常表示正在进行的、完成的或与主句动作同时发生的动作或状态。现在分词有一般式、完成式,有主动语态和被动语态; 过去分词只有一般式,只有被动语态。现在分词的完成式不能作定语,...
独立写作中如何运用定语成分变得简洁?
A prevalent attitude which are amongst many nurses who are in the group that was selected for study……一个规律可以总结:所有的短语后置定语都是定语从句的简化,所有的短语后置定语都可以还原为定语从句。例如:His approach to the problem that had worried writers throughout the late ...
【英语】【翻译】这句话my age之前不用加什么介词吗?
表示”像...这样年龄的人“在英语中,特别是口语中,直接放在名词后面作定语,不用介词,实际上这是一个定语从句的简化,例如你的这句话:There is any work for a retired person (whose age are the same as ) my age.这样说起来很麻烦,所以就减缩了。再如:Hollywood doesn't have a lot...
英语的定语从句。请给我解释一下!
关系代词:在句中作主语、宾语或定语。1. that既可代表事物也可代表人,“which”代表事物;它们在从句中作主语或宾语,“that”在从句中作宾语时常可省略关系词,“which”在从省略。[eg:This is the book (which)you want.]2. 不及物动词+介词”的介词的宾语代词“wh”放在它原来的位置。3....
急求英语中有关定语从句的总结?我是新手谢谢帮忙谢谢
翻译成先行词的定语, “…的…” 通常翻译成主句的并列句 关系词做宾语时可省略 关系词不可省略关系词可用that;可用who代替whom 关系词不用that;不用who代替whom可以用关系副词why表原因 不能用关系副词why,需用for which 代替定语从句可以简化成短语。① 定语从句为被动结构,可用过去分词短语简化。e.g. I ...
定语从句
张老师带你了解什么是定语从句。
谁能详细介绍英语定语从句知识(谢谢)
(此句中,三个非限定性定语从句分别对三个先行词:satellites ,computers和television进行补充、说明。如果去掉这三个非限定性定语从句,那么句子可简化为: The combination of satellites , computers and television will change every home into an education and entertainment center .)卫星能传输信息,计算机能储存信息...
怎样简单划分定语从句句子成分
首先你要分析好句子的基础成分:主谓宾,然后再考虑句子多出来的成分是定状补中的哪一个。定语修饰主语、宾语,状语修饰谓语,补语就是宾补里的。 定从里面从句是跟在被修饰的词后面,需要一个代词代替被修饰的词,这样在从句中做个成分从句才完整。如果被代替的是人用who that 代替物用which that ...
思茅区18759541115:
定语从句怎样变成简单句 - ?
蓟司生理: 可以把定语从句改成分词短语.如: The man who is talking over there is my brother. The man talking over there is my brother.
思茅区18759541115:
什么是定语从句的简化:把定语从句简化为 - ?
蓟司生理: 把定语从句简化为分词短语,形容词短语或介词短语.看上下文 如 The man who is named Charlie is my teacher. 简化: The man named Charlie is my teacher.
思茅区18759541115:
什么是定语从句的简化: 把定语从句简化为形容词短语、过去分词短语、介词短语、现在分词短语,怎么理解? - ?
蓟司生理: 1. full of 2. written by 3. with nothing 4. wearing这四个答案就是形容词短语、过去分词短语、介词短语、现在分词短语.(按顺序一一对应)例句中的 which that which who后面的部分,来修饰前面的名词 box books tea girl,这一小部分是定于从句. 化简,也就是把这些从句去了,但不应影响句子的意思.
思茅区18759541115:
定语从句的所有知识点 - ?
蓟司生理: 定语从句是由关系代词或关系副词引导的从句,其作用是作定语修饰主句的某个名词性成分,相当于形容词,所以又称为形容词性从句,一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词后面.关系词 引导定语从句的关联词称为关系词,关系词有关系代词和关系副...
思茅区18759541115:
英语从句的规律?
蓟司生理: 首先你得知道WHAT不能引导定语从句. 判断从句,你得知道它在什么位置,做什么成分. 一般名词后面就是定语从句,在动词和介词后面就是宾语从句,句子的主语.谓语.宾语都不少就有可能是状语从句. 从句需要在实际的句子中自己发现,并没有什么万灵的规律.
思茅区18759541115:
介绍一下英语中的定语从句 - ?
蓟司生理: 摘自《简明英语语法》 在英文中,有两种定语从句:限定性定语从句与非限定性定语从句.这两种定语从句在其功能和形式方面都有明显的区别: 限定性定语从句限定性定语从句与主句的关系很紧奏,对其先行词起限定、修饰的作用.如果将...
思茅区18759541115:
定语从句有什么规律 叫我一下啊?
蓟司生理: 定语从句是由关系代词和关系副词引导的从句,其作用是作定语修饰主句的某个名词性成分.谢谢采纳
思茅区18759541115:
定语从句的具体语法 - ?
蓟司生理: 定语从句(Attributive Clauses)在句中做定语,修饰一个名词或代词,被修饰的名词,词组或代词即先行词.定语从句通常出现在先行词之后,由关系词(关系代词或关系副词)引出
思茅区18759541115:
如何修改定语从句修改定语从句的步骤 - ?
蓟司生理:[答案] 定语从句又称为关系从句,是最常见的从句之一.每年高考题对之均有考查,下面谈一谈定语从句在教学中几个值得注意的问题,供大家参考.一、定语从句中关系代词与先行词的一致性 定语从句中关系代词一般应与它所指代的先行词的单复数保持主...
思茅区18759541115:
定语从句的用法和注意事项 - ?
蓟司生理:[答案] 定语从句及相关术语 1.定语从句:修饰一个名词或代词的从句称为定语从句,一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词后面.2. 关系词:引导定语从句的关联词称为关系词,关系词有关系代词和关系副词.关系代词有that, which, who, whom, whose, as等;关系副...