英语中哪些词可以引导状语从句

英语中有哪些词可以引导状语从句~

引导时间状语从句的从属连词(以下称引导词)很多，为方便记忆，现作以下分类：
1.
基本类
包括before,
after,
when,
while,
as,
since,
till,
until,
once,
as
soon
as
等。如：
Did
anyone
call
when
I
was
out?
我不在家时谁来过电话吗?
We
have
known
each
other
since
we
were
children.
我们从小认识。
You’ll
feel
better
after
you
take
the
pills.
吃完药丸后你会感到好一些。
Make
sure
that
all
the
lights
are
off
before
you
go
to
bed.
睡觉前一定要关灯。
Don’t
promise
him
anything
till
we’ve
had
time
to
think
about
it.
在我们有时间考虑之前别答应他什么。
2.
名词类
即由名词词组充当引导词，包括the
moment,
the
minute,
the
second,
the
instant
等(均表示“一……就……”。如
I
loved
you
the
instant
(that)
I
saw
you.
我一见到你就爱上你了。
Tell
me
the
moment
(that)
you
get
the
results.
你一拿到结果就给我打电话。
3.
副词类
即由副词充当引导词，如
immediately,
directly,
instantly等。如：
I
came
immediately
you
called.
你一打电话我就来了。
Directly
I
walked
in
the
door
I
smelt
smoke.
我一进门就闻到烟味。
4.
短语类
主是几个涉及time短语，如every
time，each
time，(the)
next
time，any
time，the
last
time，the
first
time
等。如：
Next
time
you
come
in,
please
close
the
door.
下次你进来，请关门。
My
roof
leaks
every
time
it
rains.
每次下雨，我的房顶就漏。
He
felt
nervous
each
time
she
spoke
to
him.
每次她和他讲话，他都感到紧张。
The
last
time
we
talked
he
said
he
needed
another
two
days.
上次我们谈话时他说他还需要两天。
5.
句型类
包括no
sooner…than,
hardly…when
等。如：
I
had
no
sooner
closed
the
door
than
somebody
knocked.
我刚把门关上就有人敲门。
Hardly
were
the
words
uttered
than
he
began
to
regret
them.
话刚说出口他就开始后悔了

when、while、as 引导时间状语从句
where 引导地点状语从句
how引导方式状语从句
although/though引导让步状语从句

1.表示目的状语的从句可以由that, so that, in order that, lest, for fear that, in case等词引导，例如：
You must speak louder so that /in order that you can be heard by all.
He wrote the name down for fear that(lest) he should forget it.
Better take more clothes in case the weather is cold.
2.原因状语从句

比较：because, since, as和for

1） because语势最强，用来说明人所不知的原因，回答why提出的问题。当原因是显而易见的或已为人们所知，就用as或 since。
I didn't go, because I was afraid.
Since /As the weather is so bad, we have to delay our journey.

2） 由because引导的从句如果放在句末，且前面有逗 号，则可以用for来代替。但如果不是说明直接原因，而是多种情况加以推断，就只能用for。
He is absent today, because / for he is ill.
He must be ill, for he is absent today.
3.让步状语从句

though, although
注意： 当有though, although时，后面的从句不能有but，但是 though 和yet可连用
Although it's raining, they are still working in the field.
虽然在下雨，但他们仍在地里干活。
He is very old, but he still works very hard.
虽然他很老，但仍然努力地工作。
Though the sore be healed, yet a scar may remain.
伤口虽愈合，但伤疤留下了。 （谚语）
4.
地点状语从句通常由where, wherever 引导。

Where I live there are plenty of trees.
我住的地方树很多。
Wherever I am I will be thinking of you.
不管我在哪里我都会想到你。
5.
方式状语从句

方式状语从句通常由as, (just) as…so…, as if, as though引导。

1） as, (just) as…so…引导的方式状语从句通常位于主句后，但在(just) as…so…结构中位于句首，这时as从句带有比喻的含义，意思是"正如…"，"就像"，多用于正式文体，例如：
Always do to the others as you would be done by.
你希望人家怎样待你，你就要怎样待人。

As water is to fish, so air is to man.
我们离不开空气，犹如鱼儿离不开水。

Just as we sweep our rooms, so we should sweep backward ideas from our minds.
正如打扫房屋一样，我们也要扫除我们头脑中落后的东西。

2） as if, as though
两者的意义和用法相同，引出的状语从句谓语多用虚拟语气，表示与事实相反，有时也用陈述语气，表示所说情况是事实或实现的可能性较大。汉译常作"仿佛……似的"，"好像……似的"，例如：

They completely ignore these facts as if (as though) they never existed.
他们完全忽略了这些事实，就仿佛它不存在似的。（与事实相反，谓语用虚拟语气。）

He looks as if (as though) he had been hit by lighting.
他那样子就像被雷击了似的。（与事实相反，谓语用虚拟语气。）

It looks as if the weather may pick up very soon.
看来天气很快就会好起来。（实现的可能性较大，谓语用陈述语气。）

说明：as if / as though也可以引导一个分词短语、不定式短语或无动词短语，例如：

He stared at me as if seeing me for first time.
他目不转睛地看着我，就像第一次看见我似的。

He cleared his throat as if to say something.
他清了清嗓子，像要说什么似的。

The waves dashed on the rocks as if in anger.
波涛冲击着岩石，好像很愤怒。


6.

结果状语从句

结果状语从句常由so… that 或 such…that引导，掌握这两个句型，首先要了解so 和 such与其后的词的搭配规律。

比较：so和 such
其规律由so与such的不同词性决定。such 是形容词，修饰名词或名词词组，so 是副词，只能修饰形容词或副词。 so 还可与表示数量的形容词many, few, much, little连用，形成固定搭配。

7.条件状语从句

连接词主要有 if, unless, as/so long as, on condition that 等。.
if 引导的条件句有真实条件句和非真实条件句两种。非真实条件句已在虚拟语气中阐述。

unless = if not.
Let's go out for a walk unless you are too tired.
If you are not too tied, let's go out for a walk.

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