英语达人来帮个忙

英语达人来帮个忙。小短文汉译英。~

The National Basketball Association (NBA) is North America's premier professional men's basketball league, composed of thirty teams: twenty-nine in the United States and one in Canada. It is an active member of USA Basketball (USAB),[1] which is recognized by the International Basketball Federation as the National Governing Body (NGB) for basketball in the United States. The NBA is one of the four major North American professional sports leagues, which also includes Major League Baseball (MLB), the National Football League (NFL), and the National Hockey League (NHL).

The league was founded in New York City on June 6, 1946 as the Basketball Association of America (BAA).[2] The league adopted the name National Basketball Association in 1949 after merging with the rival National Basketball League. The league's several international as well as individual team offices are directed out of its head offices located in the Olympic Tower at 645 Fifth Avenue in New York City. NBA Entertainment and NBA TV studios are directed out of offices located in Secaucus, New Jersey.

Contents [hide]
1 History
1.1 1940s and 1950s: The early years
1.2 1960s: Celtics dynasty
1.3 1970s: The NBA vs. the ABA
1.4 1980s: Magic vs. Bird
1.5 1990s: The Jordan Era and globalization
1.6 2000s: Post-Jordan Western Conference domination
1.6.1 The international influence
1.6.2 Other developments
2 Teams
2.1 Defunct teams
3 Regular season
4 Playoffs
5 Recent problems
5.1 Criminal activity, possible gang-related behavior
5.2 Alleged corruption
6 Notable people
6.1 Presidents and commissioners
6.2 Players
6.3 Coaches
7 Awards
8 See also
8.1 Miscellaneous
8.2 Notable statistics
8.3 Television partners
8.4 Video games
9 Notes
10 External links



[edit] History

[edit] 1940s and 1950s: The early years
Main article: Basketball Association of America (BAA)
The Basketball Association of America was founded in 1946 by the owners of the major ice hockey arenas in the Northeastern and Midwestern United States. On November 1, 1946, in Toronto, Ontario, Canada, the Toronto Huskies hosted the New York Knickerbockers, which the NBA now regards as the first game played in the league's history.[3] Although there had been earlier attempts at professional basketball leagues, including the American Basketball League and the National Basketball League, the BAA was the first league to attempt to play primarily in large arenas in major cities. During its early years, the quality of play in the BAA was not significantly better than in competing leagues or among leading independent clubs such as the Harlem Globetrotters. For instance, the 1948 ABL finalist Baltimore Bullets moved to the BAA and won that league's 1948 title, and the 1948 NBL champion Minneapolis Lakers won the 1949 BAA title.

On August 3, 1949, the BAA agreed to merge with the NBL, creating the new National Basketball Association. The new league had seventeen franchises located in a mix of large and small cities, as well as large arenas and smaller gymnasiums and armories. In 1950, the NBA consolidated to eleven franchises, a process that continued until 1954, when the league reached its smallest size of eight franchises, all of which are still in the league (the Knicks, Celtics, Warriors, Lakers, Royals/Kings, Pistons, Hawks, and Nationals/76ers).

The process of contraction saw the league's smaller-city franchises move to larger cities. The Hawks shifted from "Tri-Cities" (the area now known as the Quad Cities) to Milwaukee (in 1951) and then to St. Louis (in 1955); the Royals from Rochester to Cincinnati (in 1957); and the Pistons from Fort Wayne to Detroit (in 1957). In 1960, the Lakers relocated to Los Angeles, and the Warriors moved to San Francisco, in 1963. The following year, the Nationals left upstate New York to bring basketball back to Philadelphia, changing their nickname from "Nationals" to "76ers." This means out of the original eight franchises, only the Knicks and Celtics have not relocated at any point.

Although Japanese-American Wataru Misaka technically broke the NBA color barrier in the 1947–48 season when he played for the New York Knicks, 1950 is recognized as the year the NBA integrated. This year witnessed the addition of African American players by several teams, including Chuck Cooper with the Boston Celtics, Nat "Sweetwater" Clifton with the New York Knicks, and Earl Lloyd with the Washington Capitols.

During this period, the Minneapolis Lakers, led by center George Mikan, won five NBA Championships and established themselves as the league's first dynasty. To encourage shooting and discourage stalling, the league introduced the 24-second shot clock in 1954. If a team does not attempt to score a field goal (or the ball fails to make contact with the rim) within 24 seconds of obtaining the ball, play is stopped and the ball given to its opponent.

In 1957, rookie center Bill Russell joined the Boston Celtics, who already featured guard Bob Cousy and coach Red Auerbach, and went on to lead the club to eleven NBA titles in thirteen seasons. Center Wilt Chamberlain entered the league with the Warriors in 1959 and became the dominant individual star of the 1960s, setting new records in scoring (100) and rebounding (55). Russell's rivalry with Chamberlain became one of the great individual rivalries in the history of American team sports.


[edit] 1960s: Celtics dynasty
Through this period, the NBA continued to strengthen with the shift of the Minneapolis Lakers to Los Angeles, the Philadelphia Warriors to San Francisco, and the Syracuse Nationals to Philadelphia, as well as the addition of its first expansion franchises. The Chicago Packers (now Washington Wizards) became the 9th NBA team in 1961. From 1966 to 1968, the league expanded from nine teams to fourteen, introducing the Chicago Bulls, Seattle SuperSonics (now Oklahoma City Thunder), San Diego Rockets (who relocated to Houston four years later), Milwaukee Bucks, and Phoenix Suns.

In 1967, the league faced a new external threat with the formation of the American Basketball Association. The leagues engaged in a bidding war. The NBA landed the most important college star of the era, Kareem Abdul-Jabbar (then known as Lew Alcindor). However, the NBA's leading scorer, Rick Barry jumped to the ABA, as did four veteran referees—Norm Drucker, Earl Strom, John Vanak, and Joe Gushue.


[edit] 1970s: The NBA vs. the ABA
The American Basketball Association also succeeded in signing a number of major stars, including Julius Erving, in part because it allowed teams to sign college undergraduates. The NBA expanded rapidly during this period, one purpose being to tie up the most viable cities. From 1966 to 1974, the NBA grew from nine franchises to 18. In 1970 the Portland Trail Blazers, Cleveland Cavaliers, and Buffalo Braves (now the Los Angeles Clippers) all made their debuts expanding the league to 17. The New Orleans Jazz (now in Utah) came aboard in 1974 bringing the total to 18. Following the 1976 season, the leagues reached a settlement that provided for the addition of four ABA franchises to the NBA, raising the number of franchises in the league at that time to 22. The franchises added were the San Antonio Spurs, Denver Nuggets, Indiana Pacers and New York Nets. Some of the biggest stars of this era were Kareem Abdul-Jabbar, Rick Barry, Dave Cowens, Julius Erving, Walt Frazier, Artis Gilmore, George Gervin, Dan Issel and Pete Maravich.


[edit] 1980s: Magic vs. Bird
The league added the ABA's innovative three-point field goal beginning in 1979 to open up the game. That same year, rookies Larry Bird and Earvin "Magic" Johnson joined the Boston Celtics and Los Angeles Lakers respectively, initiating a period of significant growth in fan interest in the NBA throughout the country and the world. Bird went on to lead the Celtics to three titles, and Johnson went on to lead the Lakers to five. Also in the early '80s, the NBA added one more expansion franchise, the Dallas Mavericks, bringing the total to 23 teams.


[edit] 1990s: The Jordan Era and globalization
Michael Jordan entered the league in 1984 with the Chicago Bulls, providing an even more popular star to support growing interest in the league. This resulted in more cities demanding teams of their own. In 1988 and 1989, four cities got their wishes as the Charlotte Hornets (now New Orleans Hornets), Miami Heat, Orlando Magic, and Minnesota Timberwolves made their NBA debuts. A growing number of NBA star players also began coming from other countries. Initially, many of these players, such as 1994 NBA MVP Hakeem Olajuwon of Nigeria, first played NCAA basketball to enhance their skills.

In 1991, Susan O'Malley became the first female president of a major sports franchise franchise, when she became the president of the Washington Bullets.

Jordan, along with Scottie Pippen would lead the Bulls to six championships in eight years during the 1990s. Olajuwon won back-to-back titles with the Houston Rockets in '94 and '95, during Jordan's first retirement.

The 1992 Olympic basketball Dream Team, the first to use current NBA stars, featured Michael Jordan as the anchor, along with Larry Bird, Magic Johnson, David Robinson, Patrick Ewing, Scottie Pippen, Clyde Drexler, Karl Malone, John Stockton, Chris Mullin, Charles Barkley, and Christian Laettner.

In 1995, the NBA expanded to Canada adding with the Vancouver Grizzlies and the Toronto Raptors. In 2001, the Vancouver Grizzlies were relocated to Memphis, which left the Raptors as the only Canadian team in the NBA.

In 1996, the NBA created a women's league, the Women's National Basketball Association (WNBA).

In 1998, the NBA owners began a lockout which lasted 191 days and was settled on January 18, 1999. As a result of this lockout the 1998-99 NBA season was reduced from 82 to 50 games. Since these games were all played in the same year, the season is known as the 1999 NBA season. San Antonio won the championship on June 25th by beating the New York Knicks.


[edit] 2000s: Post-Jordan Western Conference domination
Since the break-up of the Chicago Bulls in the summer of 1998, the Western Conference has dominated the NBA, winning 7 of 10 championships. Tim Duncan and David Robinson won a championship in 1999 with the San Antonio Spurs, and Shaquille O'Neal and Kobe Bryant started the 2000s off with the three straight championships with the Los Angeles Lakers. The Spurs won it again 2003 against the Nets, with the Lakers returning to the Finals in the following year, only to fall to the Detroit Pistons (the only championship team from 1998 to 2007 not including either Tim Duncan or Shaquille O'Neal). In the off-season, O'Neal was traded to the Miami Heat, and the Lakers and Bryant did not win another playoff series until 2008. San Antonio won their third championship in 2005 with a nucleus of Tony Parker, Manu Ginóbili, and Duncan. In 2006, O'Neal won title number four with the Miami Heat, giving the franchise its first championship. San Antonio then swept the Cleveland Cavaliers in 2007, giving them four titles in nine years. Before the 2007-08 season tipped off, the Boston Celtics, fresh off of one of the worst seasons in the franchise's history, made bold moves by acquiring Kevin Garnett from Minnesota and Ray Allen from Seattle to complement captain Paul Pierce. The moves immediately made the last place Celtics into a title contender for the first time in decades. As the season rolled on and the Celtics began dominating all their opponents, other teams reacted by pulling off major trades of their own, with the Lakers, the Suns, and the Mavericks all trading for major stars (Pau Gasol, Shaquille O'Neal, and Jason Kidd respectively). After a competitive regular season and playoffs, the 2008 NBA Finals saw a rematch of the league's highest profile rivalry, the Boston Celtics and the Los Angeles Lakers. In six games, the Celtics completed the league's biggest single season turnaround by defeating the Lakers and winning the franchise's 17th championship, their first since 1986.


[edit] The international influence
An increasing number of international players have moved directly from playing elsewhere in the world to starring in the NBA, such as:

Leandro Barbosa, Brazil — 2007 Sixth Man Award winner (entered the NBA in 2003)
Andrea Bargnani, Italy — First pick in the 2006 NBA Draft by the Toronto Raptors (entered the NBA in 2006)
Pau Gasol, Spain — 2002 NBA Rookie of the Year and 2006 World Championships MVP (entered the NBA in 2001)
Manu Ginóbili, Argentina — 2004 Olympic Tournament MVP and 2008 Sixth Man Award winner (drafted in 1999, entered the NBA in 2002)
Žydrūnas Ilgauskas, Lithuania — Two time NBA All-Star, 1997–98 All-Rookie First Team (entered the NBA in 1996)
Andrei Kirilenko, Russia — EuroBasket 2007 MVP (drafted in 1999, entered the NBA in 2001)
Dirk Nowitzki, Germany — MVP of the 2002 World Championships and Eurobasket 2005, and 2007 NBA MVP (entered the NBA in 1998)
Tony Parker, France — 2007 NBA Finals MVP (entered the NBA in 2001)
Peja Stojakovic, Serbia — Eurobasket 2001 MVP (drafted in 1996, entered the NBA in 1998)
Hedo Turkoglu, Turkey — 2008 Most Improved Player Award winner (entered the NBA in 2000)
Yao Ming, China — First pick in the 2002 NBA Draft (entered the NBA in 2002)
On some occasions, young players from the English-speaking world have attended U.S. colleges before playing in the NBA (notable examples are Canadian Steve Nash, 2005 and 2006 MVP, and Australian Andrew Bogut, the top draft pick in 2005), while other international players generally come to the NBA from professional club teams. Currently, the Toronto Raptors have the most international players in the NBA. The NBA is now televised in 212 nations in 42 languages.

未完

Smoking cigarettes, drinking alcohol or taking other drugs produce many harmful effects and have no real benefits.抽烟，喝酒或者吸食其他毒品会导致很多有害影响而且丝毫没有好处。

So why do adolescents do it?Perhaps some think it makes them look tough or cool.
那问什么还有那么多青少年会这样做呢？可能是因为他们觉得那使他们看起来强大或者很酷。

Others may think it will help them with stress in their lives possibly due to pressure from parents or teachers. 另一些人则认为那也许会帮助他们缓解生活中可能来自于父母或者老师的压力。
Some may just want to experiment.What they do not realize is how easy it is to become addicted to smoking. 还有一些人只是想试试而已。但他们没有意识到的是吸烟太容易上瘾了。

In fact it is the mental addiction rather than the physical effects that makes it really hard to quit to smoking.实际上，是精神毒瘾而不是物理毒瘾让戒烟变得相当困难。

When an adolescent realizes how unfit he or she is becoming , it is too late.Sadly the withdrawal symptoms can be quite severe for some people.Of course the best way to deal with these drugs is not to get into the habit in the first place!当青少年们意识到自己变得不适的时候，那已经晚了。对于一些人来说，最悲哀的是戒毒戒烟的并发症状会十分的严重。所以，显而易见，对于这些毒品最好的方法就是一开始就不要染上他们。

suit

名词 n.

1.(一套)衣服[C]
I picked out a black suit.
我挑了一套黑色西装。
2.套;副;组[C]
3.同花色的一组纸牌[C]
4.诉讼[C]
He will bring a suit against his boss.
他要对老板提出控告。
5.恳求;求婚[U]

及物动词 vt.

1.适合,中...的意
Would Friday morning suit you?
星期五早上对你合适吗?
The arrangement suited us both.
这个安排对我们两人都合适。
2.(不用被动式)与...相配,与...相称
This dress suits you beautifully.
这件衣服你穿非常合适。
3.使合适;使适应[(+to)]
Her speech was well suited to the occasion.
她的讲话在这个场合十分得体。

不及物动词 vi.

1.合适,适当
Will that time suit?
这时间合适吗?
2.相称;彼此协调[(+to/with)]
The position suits with his abilities.

套装叫outsuit,
文化衫是culture shirts
促销服 promotion clothes
工装 fatigue clothes

suit

同1L

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察雅县18050153721： 英语达人来帮个忙! Thank you 了 ( )“starred”是什么意思? - ？
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察雅县18050153721： 英语达人来帮个忙~哦？
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