跨文化交际教程 案例分析。拜托了

跨文化交际案例分析~

这个问题用不同文化背景的人，交际时对语境的依赖程度不同来解释。

中国文化是高语境文化。也就是说话的时候言语交流相对较少。语境可以传达的信息，大都认为没有必要再用嘴讲出来。

这也是为什么中国夫妇之间较少听到“我爱你”！丈夫下班回家了，桌上一碗热腾腾的饭就能传达这个信息。 关系较近的朋友之间往往也不直接说“对不起”来道歉，尤其是男性之间。用行动来表达歉意的较多。说简略一点就是中国人不喜欢过于直接的表达自己的感受，观点等。

而美国文化是低语境文化，也就是交际时大部分信息是通过语言来传达的。一部美国电影里面听到10次以上“我爱你”是常事。包括父母在孩子睡觉前到他们房间去，亲一下，说声晚安，关灯再离开。这都是比较直接的表达内心感受的方法。

在英汉互译的时候，常有经验之谈说汉语一般时间地点在前，而英语是主谓结构在前，其实也是这个原因。

那么这和此案例有什么关系呢？

这种文化差异就导致有些情况下中国人所说的话，并不是内心真实所想。“薄酒”保不齐定睛一看都是茅台也说不定。中国人初到到美国的时候，到他们家庭去做客。往往主人问：“想喝茶吗？” 中国人肯定是“不必麻烦了。” 问题是美国人不会再去问第二遍，第三遍。他们会相信你所说的第一遍，这样好多客人就口渴着度过这段时光。

而美国人往往是： i mean what i say.我所说的，即是我所想的。 所以在这个案例里，美国人不理解中国文化中客套话的做法，认为这个中国人真的认为该餐厅的饭不好，所以老板生气。美国客人看着桌上的佳肴，听到的却是“这饭不好，即便是请你们吃饭，也不请好的” 自然会感到诧异。

有一组德国人做的图，能很好的表达这个道理。左边是西方人，右边是中国人：


参考：http://baike.baidu.com/link?url=jpK8WMleTgl89Afg_bMtU87ejs5RmBTYe8rR1uxMHMDPigibbeY-0wNS_1Wej0fd

Jiang Anshi applied for a job as a computer programmer in a large foreign-owned computing company. Because he was very well qualified in computing and had extensive experience, he thought that he had a very good chance of getting the job. Three people interviewed him. They started out by asking him questions about his qualifications and experience. He answered confidently.
Suddenly, however, one of the interviewers asked him whether he could work in a team. Jiang Anshi was rather surprised at the question but said, “Yes.” He was then asked why he was interested in this particular job. He explained that the job was very suitable for him as he had done similar work before. He also explained that the salary was better than the salary he was currently receiving. Finally, he was asked if he himself had any questions. He did not.
Jiang Anshi left the interview feeling that he had done well. However, he did not get the job and later found out that the successful applicant had less experience than he had.
Analysis:中西方人们对面试的概念有一定区别。西方招聘单位在招聘职员时，更注重你的团队合作精神，对应聘职位的兴趣而不是简历上的一些经验和职业资格证书等，他们认为面试的目的是使招聘单位与应聘人相互了解，招聘职员是双向选择，而不是招聘单位单方面地了解进而选择应聘人员。

1.Some Indian women who are more knowledgeable and well educated would have no difficulty in understanding the western brides in white, because they have seen the movies or plays from those English speaking countries or have read books about the western style of marriage routines. However, for some Indian women who hardly knew anything about the foreign culture or language, probably they would think the ladies in white are widows.

2. In different cultures the same thing means differently to different people. This case particularly shows us that we are living in a world composed of nothing but cultures. The culture of one nation kind of defines their life and perceptions. It is hard to change your life not because you cannot change yourself but because you can’t change something invisible but powerful there, and that is culture.

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