英语从句的整理 要40句例句+中文翻译
1.主语从句 1）主语从句可直接位于主语的位置，如果从句较长，谓语又较短，可用it作形式主语，而将从句放在句末。常见的句型有： *It is a fact\a pity\a question\good news that... 2)what引导的主语从句表示“...的东西时”，一般不用it作形式主语。 What we lack is experience. 3)what,who,when,why,whether等词含有各自的疑问意义，但它们引导的主语从句，都用陈述语序。 How the plan is to be carried out should be discussed again. 2.宾语从句 1）宾语从句可位于及物动词、介词和某些形容词后。连词that常可省略。介词后一般接疑问词引导的宾语从句。in that(因为),except that(除了),but that(只是）已构成固定搭配，其他介词后一般不接that引导的宾语从句。 *I promised that I would change the situation. 2.宾语从句 1）宾语从句可位于及物动词、介词和某些形容词后。连词that常可省略。介词后一般接疑问词引导的宾语从句。in that(因为),except that(除了),but that(只是）已构成固定搭配，其他介词后一般不接that引导的宾语从句。 *I promised that I would change the situation. 3.表语从句 表语从句出现在结构为“主语+系动词+表语从句”的句子中。表语从句除可用that,what,when,why,whether,how等引导外，还可由because,as if(though)等引导。that常可省略。如主句主语为reason,只能用that引导表语从句，不可用because. Perhaps the most important thing to remember is that there is no one common type of life in America. 2)宾语从句后如有宾补，要用形式宾语it来代替，而把宾语从句移至宾补之后。 He has made it clear that he would not change his mind. 4.同位语从句 同位语从句用于对前面出现的名词作进一步说明，一般用连词that引导，由于先行名词的意义不同，也可用whether,who,when,where,what,why,how等引导。常见的先行名词有fact,idea,belief,news,hope,conclusion,evidence,suggestion,order,problem,report,decision.有时由于谓语较短，将同位语从句位于谓语之后。 She finally made the decision that she would join the fashion show. 5.定语从句 定语从句所修饰的先行词可以是名词或代词，也可以是一个句子。定语从句通常位于先行词之后，由关系代词或关系副词引导。 *限制性定语从句 限制性定语从句修饰先行词，对先行词起修饰作用，紧接先行词之后，无逗号，若省去，原句意思不完整。引导定语从句的关系代词有who,whom,whose,which,that等。who,whom,whose用于指人，whose有时也可指物，相当于of which；which用于指物；that既可指人也可指物，但只用于限制性定语从句中。关系代词除了引导定语从句，替代先行词外，还在从句中担任主语、宾语、定语等。 The computers and cables which make up the Internet are owned by people and organizations. Those who live alone or who are sick may have trouble in getting close to other people. The girl whose parents died in an accident is living with her grandmother. 1)当先行词是all,anything,everything,something,nothing等不定代词或先行词前有first,last,any,few,much,some,no,only以及形容词最高级修饰时，只能用关系代词that引导从句。 That is all that I've heard from him. He's the first person that I'm going to interview this afternoon. 2)关系代词的省略 在从句中作宾语的关系代词常可省略。关系代词紧跟介词，作介词宾语时不可用that，只可用which或whom引导从句，并且不可省略，但当介词位于宾语从句句末时，作为介词宾语的关系代词仍可用that，也可省略。 This is one of those things with which we have to put up. This is one of those things (whichhat) we have to put up with. 3)引导定语从句的关系副词有when,where,why等。关系副词在从句中作状语，意义上相当于一个“介词+which”的结构。 Even in comic books where(=in which) there are no words,the stories are fully expressed through the drawings. No one knows the reason why(=for which) he was so angry that day. 6.状语从句 *时间状语从句 引导时间状语从句的从属连词和词组有： 1）when,whenever,while,as,after,before,since,till,until,once等。 We have learnt quite a lot about it since we came here. 2)as soon as,hardly(scarcely)...when,no sooner...than,each(every) time,the moment,immediately(that)等。 As soon as I sent an e-mail message,I received positive responses. The moment he heard the good news,he jumped with joy. *地点状语从句 引导地点状语从句的连词是where,wherever. Wherever she went,she took her little daughter with her. *原因、结果和目的状语从句 1）引导原因状语从句的从属连词有：because,as,since,now(that),seeing that,considering that,in that等。 Considering that he is a freshman,we must say he is doing well. 2)引导结果状语从句的连词有：so...that,such...that,so that,that,so等。 Mickey Mouse is so attractive that the children are reluctant to leave. 3)引导目的状语从句的连词有：so that,in order that,for fear that,lest等，从句常使用may,might,can,could,would等情态动词。 We got up early this morning so that we could catch the first bus to the railway station. *条件和让步状语从句 1）引导条件状语从句的连词和词组有if,unless,as(so) long as,on condition that,in case,provided(providing) that,supposing等。 As long as you have the right equipment,you can use a telephone line to transmit computer data. 2)引导让步状语从句的连词和词组有though,although,whether,even though,even if,no matter what(when,how...),whatever(whenever,wherever,however....)等。though,even if等引导状语从句可转换成含有as的部分倒装结构，具有强调意义。其结构为“形容词（副词、动词、名词）+as+主语+谓语”。 No matter what you may say,I would not change my mind. Young as he is,he is quite experienced in this work.(=though he is young) Child as he is,he can speak English fluently.(=though he is a child) *方式状语从句 引导方式状语从句的连词有as,just as,as if,as though等。as if,as though引导的状语从句中，谓语动词常用虚拟语气，表示与事实相反。 The young man made the experiment just as the teacher had taught him. Everything went on as usual as if nothing had happened.
陈述句 肯定句 We love our motherland. 我们热爱祖国。
否定句 They don’t go to work on Sundays. 他们星期日不上班。
疑问句 一般疑问句 Are you a worker? 你是个工人吗？
Haven’t you seen the film? 你没看过这部电影吗？
特殊疑问句 Who is the man? 这人是谁？
When do you watch TV? 你什么时间看电视？
What are they doing now? 他们现在正在干什么？
选择疑问句 Do you want tea or coffee? Either will do. 你要茶水还是要咖啡？哪种都行。
Does he learn Japanese or French? He learns French.
他学日语还是学法语？他学法语。
反意疑问句 They are going to the airport, aren’t they? 他们要去机场，是吗？
You haven’t finished your homework, have you? 你没做完作业，是吗？
祈使句 肯定句 Be sure to get there at eight. 务必八点钟到那儿。
否定句 Don’t worry. I’ll help you out. 别担心，我会帮助你的。
感叹句 what + 名词 What great changes we have had these years!
这几年我们有了多么大的变化啊!
What a fine day it is! 多好的天气呀!
how + 形容词或副词 How brave he is! 他多么勇敢呀!
How hard they are working! 他们工作多努力呀！
how +句子 How time flies! 时间过得多么快呀!
How + adj.+a (an) + n.=What a(an)+adj.+n How nice a boy (he is) !=What a nice boy (he is)! 多好的孩子啊!
按结构分
种类 类型 例 句
简单句 主+谓 They disappeared. 他们消失了。
主+谓+宾 He likes swimming.他喜欢游泳。
We help each other. 我们互相帮助。
主+谓+间宾+直接宾 I told my friend the good news. 我把好消息告诉了我的朋友。
They sent us a telegram. 他们给我们拍了电报。
主+谓+宾+宾补 They named the boy Jack. 他们给孩子起名叫杰克。
I want everything ready by eight o’clock.
我要求一切都要在八点前准备好。
主+系+表 She is a university student. 她是一名大学生。
He has become a pilot. 他已成为一名飞行员。
并列句 并列关系and, not only…but also, neither …nor, both…and, not…but, Either you do it, or I ask for somebody else to do it.
要么你来做，要么我请其他人来做。
Neither Tom nor Jack has finished the homework.
汤姆和杰克都没有完成作业。
Not couldn’t they complete the task, but the task was too tough.
不是他们完不成任务，而是任务太重了。
转折关系but,while（而，尽管）
nevertheless(然而；不过) John likes playing basketball, but he didn’t play it yesterday.
约翰喜欢打篮球，但他昨天没打。
选择关系or, otherwise or else, either…or We must hurry, or we’ll miss the train.
我们必须快点，否则会赶不上火车。
Either you come to my place or I go to yours.
或者你到我这儿来，或者我到你那去。
因果关系for, so, thus, therefore, and so We had better stay at home, for it was raining.
我们最好呆在家里，因为天正在下雨。
He didn’t work hard, therefore he failed in the examination.
他学习不努力，因此这次考试不及格。
复合句 由一个主句和一个或一个以上的从句构成的句子叫复合句。在复合句中主句是全句的主体，从句是全句的一个成分，不能独立。 从句有：
名词性从句（主语从句，表语从句，宾语从句和同位语从句）
状语从句
定语从句
（详细请看以下内容）
II.状语从句
状语从句是每年高考必考的内容，在高考试题中加上其它从句的干扰，以及倒装句，强调句的介入，使得状语从句更为复杂。
1.时间状语从句
由下列连词引导：when,while,as,before,after,once,till,until,since,as soon as,now that,hardly…when,
scarcely…when,no sooner…than,有一些表示时间的副词（短语）或名词短语也可引导时间状语从句。如：directly,instantly,immediately,by the time，the moment,the second,the minute,the instant,every time,each time,next time,the last time等
重点内容如下：
①when,while,as引导的时间状语从句
▲as表示“当……的时候”，往往和when/ while通用，但它着重强调主句与从句的动作或事情同时或几乎同时发生。
She came up as I was cooking.(同时)
The runners started as the gun went off.(几乎同时)
▲when(at or during the time that )既可以表示在某一点的时候，又可表示在某一段时间内，主句与从句的动作或事情可以同时发生也可以先后发生。
It was raining when we arrived.(指时间点)
When we were at school, we went to the library every day.(在一段时间内)
When we arrived there,the film had already begun.(先后发生)
▲while意思是“当……的时候”或“在某一段时间里”。主句中的动作或事情在从句中的动作或事情的进展过程中发生，从句中的动词一般要用延续性动词。在when表示a period of time时，两者可以互换。
Please don’t talk so loud while/when others are working.
He fell asleep while/when reading.
Strike while the iron is hot.( 不可用as或when，这里的while意思是“趁……”)
②before状语从句的重点句型
▲……之后……才：It was a long time before I got to sleep .
▲不多久……就：It wasn’t long before he told me about the affair.
▲不等……就：Before I could get in a word, he had measured me.
▲刚……就：He hardly entered the room before he heard the telephone ring.
▲先……再：You can have a few days to think about it before you make your decision.
③since 引导的从句用延续性动词的过去式（包括过去完成时），则从句的动作已经结束,从句意思是否定的。如果从句的动词是延续性的用完成时态，从句意思是肯定的。
▲He has never been to see me since I was ill.我病愈后，他一直未来看我。（不在生病了）
▲He has never been to see me since I have been ill.我病了，他一直未来看我。
▲I haven’t heard from him since he lived here.
自从他这里搬走，我就没有收到他的信。（不住在这儿了）
As he was carrying out the experiment , he found something abnormal .正当他在做试验时，他发现情况有些不常。
Please eat it while it is hot .请趁热吃。
It has been more than two years since we parted last time .
自我们上次分手至今已有两年多了。
Tom will tell him the truth when he comes back .
他回来时，汤姆会告诉他事实真相的。
He will not play football if it rains tomorrow .
明天要是下雨，他就不踢足球了。
Tom would tell him the truth when he came back .
他回来时，汤姆会告诉他事实真相的。
He would not play football if it rained the next day .
次日要是下雨，他就不踢足球了
While she was watching TV , she was cracking seeds .
她一边看电视一边磕瓜子。
As he was doing his packing , some of his friends came to say good-bye to him .正当他在收拾行装的时候，他的一些朋友来向他告别。
They were ready to go out when the telephone rang .（这个句子表示主句谓语动作rang发生的突然性。按常规应该是：When they were ready to go out , the telephone rang .）就在他们准备出去的时候，电话铃响了。
He didn't go to sleep until 12 last night .
他昨晚直到十二点钟才睡觉。
They didn't realize their fault till we pointed it out to them .
直到我们向他们指出了他们的错误，他们才意识到。
Not until we pointed out their fault to them did they realize it .
直到我们向他们指出了他们的错误，他们才意识到。
The students made much noise till the teacher came into the classroom .
直到老师走进教室学生们才停止了大声喧哗。
The young couple were very happy until they used up all their money .
那对年青夫妇直到花光了所有的钱才沮丧起来。
I may not come to see you recently unless I can complete the project ahead of time .除非我能提前完成那个项目，否则我最近不会来看你了。或者：除非我能提前完成那个项目，我最近才会来看你了。
We can surely attain our goal as long as we are united as one .
只要我们团结成一个人，我们肯定能实现我们的目标。
What shall we do if we can not get the necessary data？
如果我们弄不到必要的数据，我们怎么办？
They promised to let us have a meeting in their office on condition (that) we could keep it clean . 如果我们能保持清洁，他们答应让我们在他们的办公室里开会。
He can't deliver his lectures today because he has got a bad cold .
他今天不能去讲课了，因为他患了重感冒。
I may not be able to attend your wedding party not because I'm not willing to but because I've been caught by something recently.
我或许无法参加你的婚礼了，不是我不想去而是近来有些事情缠着我无法脱身。
I won't dwelt too much time on this matter as it is known to everybody.
由于大家都知道这件事，我就不在这件事上多花时间了。
Since you are busy enough we won't trouble you any more .
既然你们忙得够呛，我们就不再麻烦你们了。
Because it is raining heavily, we have to change our plan to go outing.现在下着这么大的雨，我们不得不改变去郊游的计划。
As the weather was fine, we decided to climb up the mountain.
由于天气晴朗，我们决定去登山。
She is loved by all for she is kind and pretty .
由于她长得漂亮、人又好而深受大家喜欢。
Air exists everywhere although we can't see it.
尽管我们看不见空气，但它却无处不存在。
No matter where you go on the earth, you will feel the gravity.
无论你走到地球的什么地方，你都会感觉到地引力。
We'll start our meeting on time whether he comes or not.
无论他来不来，我们将准时开会。
Even if we are approaching the end of the experiment, we still have no time to lose.即使我们即将完成试验，我们依然要分秒必
Although he is old, he is still energetic .（主从复合句，正确）
尽管他上了年纪却还是依然精力充沛
He is old but (he is) still energetic . （并列句，正确）
尽管他上了年纪却还是依然精力充沛
He speaks English almost as a native speaker does .
他的英文几乎说得如讲英语母语的人一样。
He speaks English as if he were a native speaker .
他讲英文的样子似乎象说英语母语的人。
She looked unwell as though she got a bad cold .
她看上去身体不适好像患有重感冒。
In this reading-room you can read anything as everyone does here .
在这间阅览室里，你可以象这儿的每个人一样想看什么就看什么。
你知道吗
一种从句 就多得要死
何况 你还没有说是哪种从句
如果 总结出来可以出本语法书了
从句多了去了 总结出来可以出本语法书了
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柞重信立：[答案] 1.主语从句例句:What he said is not correct.他所说的不对.2.宾语从句例句:He loves what she buys. 他喜欢她买的东西.3.表语从句例句:It seems that they will not come.好像他们不来了.That is where he wa...
老城区15549324834： 列举英语的主要从句并附上例句, - ？
柞重信立：[答案] 语 法 结 构-- 从 句 内 容 提 要 定语从句是由关系代词和关系副词引导的从句,其作用是作定语修饰主句的某个成分,定语从句分为限定性和非限定性从句两种.状语从句分为时间状语从句,结果状语从句,让步状语从句,原因状...
