全倒装与半倒装

全倒装和半倒装的条件分别是什么？？~

英语的正常语序是“主谓紧相连,宾、表、状语在后面”。即英语的基本语序是“主语＋谓语”+其他．但是由于句子结构的需要或表示强调,将谓语或谓语的一部分放到主语的前面,这种句式就称之为倒装。倒装的原因，一是语法结构的需要（如某些疑问句），二是为了强调．倒装又可分为全倒装和半倒装。
将谓语动词完全移到主语之前的称为全倒装；
只将助动词、be动词或情态放到主语之前的称为半倒装或叫部分倒装。
The teacher came in．（正常语序）
In came the teacher．（完全倒装）
We can learn English well only in this way. （正常语序）
Only in this way can we learn English well. （部分倒装）.

部分倒装（10类）：
(1)疑问句要倒装。疑问句分为一般疑问句、特殊疑问句、选择疑问句和反意疑问句, 多数疑问句都是倒装语序。如Is this raincoat yours? When shall we meet again? He was very unhappy, wasn’t he?
【注意】反意疑问句中前面陈述部分不倒装,后面附加部分要倒装；特殊疑问句中当主语是疑问词或是被疑问词所修饰时, 也不倒装。如：
Who is Jerry Cooper?
Which team won the game?

(2)Only所修饰的副词、介词短语或状语从句放在句首时。要用半倒装．
结构: Only+副词( 介词短语或状语从句)+ 助动词\情态动词\be+主语. 如:
Only then did I realize that I was wrong. 直到那时我才意识到自己错了。
Only in this way can you learn your lessons well. 按照这种方法你才能把你的学习学好。
★only+主语不倒装，如：Only our teacher can do this perfectly.
only修饰状语从句时，从句不倒装。如：
Only when did he return did we find out the truth.(×)
Only when he returned did we find out the truth.(√)

(3)含有否定意义的副词或连词，如never
ot\barely\scarcely\ hardlyarely\ never before\ not a single\ little\seldom\ nowhere \under no circumstances(决不)\by no means \at no time \in no case\on no condition
放在句首时，部分倒装。
Never shall I forget what you have done for me.
Little did I know when I took the trip where it would lead me．
By no means shall we understand you.
Not a single mistake did he make.= He didn’t make a single mistake.

(4)副词so放在句首，表示前面说的肯定情况也适用于另一个人（或物）。其句型是：so＋be (have，助动词或情态动词)＋主语。
neither ,nor放在句首,表示前面的否定内容也适合于另一个人或物.其句型是: neither
or +be (have,情态动词)+主语.
如:She is busy doing her homework. So is her brother.
区别：-He is lazy. --so he is.
He doesn't like shopping. Neither do I.

(5)so＋adj./adv....that的句型要倒装。
So long are his arms that he can reach the ceiling.
So loudly did he speak that others could hear him.

(6)if引导的条件状语从句中，如果有were, had, should, if省略，主谓部分倒装。如:
If I were you, I would go.
Were I you, I would go.
If I had come, I would have seen you.
Had I come, I would have seen you.

★(7)as, though引导让步从句时，句中的表语、状语、动词原形放到as前作特殊语序变化。如果表语是不带定语的单数可数名词,前边的a（an）要省去；被倒装的动词原形常与may、might、will、would等词连用,而这些词都要保留在原来的位置上。
★结构:名词(不加冠词)\形容词\副词\动词+as+主语+动词(情态动词)
Much as I hate him, I will not kill him.
Try as he might, Tom could not find a job.
Young as/though he is ,he knows more than you.
Child as he is , he knows a lot about the world .
=Though/ Although he is a child ,he knows a lot about the world .
Great scientist as Einstein was, he was simple.

(8) such位于句首时,用倒装。如：
Such would be our home in the future.
Such was Albert Einstein, a simple man and the 20th century’s greatest scientist.
（注：此句型中的such多被认为是表语，such后的be动词应与其后“真正的主语”保持一致。）如：
Such are the facts; no one can deny them.

(9)几个否定关联词组连接的两并列分句:
①. not only…but(also)…连接的分句,前面倒装,后面正常句序。如：
Not only was the city polluted but (also) the streets were crowed.
②. no sooner... than；hardly…when…； scarcely…when…等连接的分句前面倒装,后面正常句序。如：
No sooner had he finished the talk than a man stood up and put forward a question.
Hardly had we got to the bus stop when the bus arrived.
③. Not until…连接的分句,前面正常句序后面倒装。如：
Not until he returned did we have supper.
=We didn’t have supper until he returned.
=It was not until he returned that we had supper.
Not until 4:00 in the morning can he fall asleep.
= He can’t fall asleep until 4:00 in the morning.
④. Neither…nor…连接的分句前后都倒装, 并且每个分句都是部分倒装。如：Neither could theory do without practice, nor could practice do without theory.
Neither do I know it , nor do I care about it.

(10)在以often、always、once、many a time、now and then、every、every other way ,every two hours等表示频率的副词状语位于句子开头, 且表示强调时, 采用倒装(若不表示强调也可用自然语序)。如：
Many a time did the boy go swimming alone.
Often did we warn them not to do so.


完全倒装（5类）
1.用于there be句型，be也可以是：
appear,enter,come,exist,happen,lie,live,remain, seem,stand.如：
There are some students in the classroom.
There stands a temple on the top of the mountain.
2. 用于“ here ,there，now，then , in，out，up，down，away, off, over, back等副词开头的句子里，以表示强调。如：
Here comes the bus. Here it is. Out he rushed.
There goes the bell. Now comes your turn.
Out went the children.
注意：（ 1 ）主语是代词时，主语和谓语不倒装。
（ 2 ） here ， there 放在句首通常用一般现在时。
3. 当句首状语为表示地点的介词词组时，也常将其全部倒装。即：在地点状语提前,谓语是be, stand,come, sit, lie 等的句子里.如：
South of the city lies a big steel factory.
From the valley came a frightening sound.
They arrived at a small village， in front of which was a big river.
4. 表语置于句首时，倒装结构为“表语＋连系动词＋主语”：
（ 1 ）形容词＋连系动词＋主语
Present at the meeting were Mr. Li， Mr. Wang and many other teachers.
（ 2 ）过去分词＋连系动词＋主语
Gone are the days when we used foreign oil.
（ 3 ）介词短语＋ be ＋主语
Among the goods are books， exercise-books， pens and some other things.
5.such作表语，置于句首，意为“......就是如此”时。
Such were his words.(=Such was what he said.)

倒装是一种语法手段，用于表示一定的句子结构或强调某一句子成分。倒装句有两种:完全倒装和部分倒装。
1. 完全倒装
1) 完全倒装即把整个谓语放到主语之前(是整个谓语动词，而非助动词)。
例如:In came the teacher and the class began. (老师走了进来，然后开始上课。)
2) there引出的完全倒装句:除了最常见的there be句型以外，there还可以接appear, exist, lie, remain, seem to be, stand等，一般都译成"有"的含义，构成完全倒装句。
例如:There appeared to be a man in black in the distance.(远处有个穿黑色衣服的人。)
3) 由地点和时间副词引出的完全倒装句:以地点副词here, there和时间副词now, then 开头，后面的动词是be, come, exist, fall, follow, go, lie, remain, seem, stand等，而主语又是名词时，构成完全倒装句。Up climbed the boy when his mother came.
4)表示运动方向的副词或地点状语置于句首，谓语表示运动的动词且主语是名词时使用
2. 部分倒装
1) 部分倒装即只把谓语的一部分（如助动词、情态动词等）放到主语前，或把句子的强调成分提前。
例：_______ right now, she would get there on Sunday.
A) Would she leave B) if she leave
C) were she to leave D) If she had left
结合选项，全句的意思是：“如果她立刻就走，她就能在星期天到达那里”。答案是C。
2) 以否定词开头的句子要求部分倒装。注意下列句子中助动词或情态动词提前、甚至补充助动词的用法：
例：Not until yesterday did little John change his mind.（小约翰直到昨天才改变了主意。）
例：In no country ______ Britain, it had been said, can one experience four seasons in the course of a single day.
A) better than B) more than C) other than D) rather than
本题是个倒装句，答案是C) other than。no other than意思是“正是、就是”；而rather than的意思是“宁愿……而不……；而不是”。
3) 以否定副词开头并加状语的句子要求部分倒装。这些否定副词有barely, hardly, little, seldom, scarcely…… when, never, no sooner…… than, rarely, no more, nor nearly, not only等以及only。
例：Only under special circumstances _________ to take make-up tests.
A) are freshmen permitted C) permitted are freshmen
B) freshmen are permitted D) are permitted freshmen
全句的意思是：“一年级学生只有在特殊的情况下才可以允许补考。”本陈述句以only开始，后面接状语，应当用部分倒装句。所以答案是A) are freshmen permitted。如用自然语序，本题所在的句子就应该改写为：Freshmen are permitted to take make-up tests only under special circumstances.这两句话的差别是，前者将only under special circumstances放到句首，表示对状语的强调。注意：在部分倒装句中，只有助动词、情态动词或连系动词to be可以置于主语之前，其它部分都要置于主语之后。
注意：
a) 如果含有从句时，只要求主句倒装：
例：Only after he had spoken out the word did he realize he had made a big mistake.（只有当他已经说出那个字后才意识到自己犯了个大错误。）
b) 如果上述否定副词出现在强调句型中的前半部分，不用倒装：
例： It was not until he went abroad that he know the truth of the fact.（直到他出国以后才了解到事实真相。）
c) 如果hardly, scarcely后面接的是any, ever, at all时，意义类似almost no/ not/ never（几乎不、从不），则无须倒装。
例：Hardly any people having been invited went there.（几乎没有什么受到邀请的人去那里了。）
4) 由no matter how, however和how引导的状语从句要求部分倒装，因为形容词或副词通常紧跟在这三个引导词后面，然后才是主语和谓语，形成形式上的部分倒装句：
例：I know nothing about this river, neither how long, how wide nor how deep it is.（我一点也不了解这条河，不知道它有多长，多宽或多深。）
由as引导的部分倒装句：
a) 当as作为比较意义时，即用于as + adj./ adv. + as结构中时，如果把第一个as省略掉，就形成部分倒装句。
例：Cautious as the rest of her family (was) , she didn't seem willing to give an immediate reply to my question.（正如她家里人一样谨慎小心，她似乎不愿意立即回答我的问题。）
She ran down the stairs, quick as a rabbit (ran).（她跑下楼去，跑得象兔子那么快！）
b) 当as引导让步状语时，和although, though一样，当用作“尽管”之义时，可以用于部分倒装句。
例：_______, there was no hope of her being able to sleep.
A) As she was exhausted B) If she was exhausted
C) Exhausted though she was D) Now that she was exhausted
答案是C) Exhausted though she was。从属连词as, though可以用于让步状语从句中。这种从句必须以形容词（或形容词化的分词）、名词或动词原形开头，主语必须位于从句之后。D) Now that she was exhausted里的引导词Now that表示“既然”；B) If she was exhausted表示条件“如果”； A) As she was exhausted表示“由于”（因为使用的是正语序），都与后面句子的意思不通顺。
c) 表示原因时，为了强调起见，也可以倒装。
例：Tired as he was, we decided not to disturb him.（因为他太累了，我们决定不打扰他。）
d) 等于so时，意义是“也，也是”
例：She worked hard, so/ as did her husband. （她工作很努力，她的丈夫工作也很努力。）

全倒：
1 表语置句首
adj.+link verb+subject...
例句：Present at the meeting were XX and XX.
分词+link verb
Gone are the days when ...
2 There be句型（不用例子了吧？）
3 直接引语的部分或全部在句首
例句："Is it ready yet?"asked my father.
4 在表示方向、地点的副词或某些介词词组开头的句子（介词如there,here,out,in,up,down,away,in front of,now,then,off等，地点如south of the city,to the north of the city）
例句：There goes the bell.
Under the tree stands a boy.
Away went the boy.
In front of the house was a small garden.
但是如果主语是人称代词（I,you,he she,it,they,we）主语和谓语顺序不变，也就是半倒装。
例句：Here it is.
Here you are.
Away he went.
5 表示祝愿的句子中
例句：Long live the PRC!
May you have a happy day!

半倒
1 as取代though的让步状语匆遽，引起的句子成分提前
例句1（表语提前）：Poor as he is,...
例句2（表语提前，去掉a）：Baby as he is,...
例句3（状语提前）：Hard as he worked,...
例句4（谓语提前，可保留情态动词）：Try as he may,...
2 疑问句中的提前，借助助动词、情态动词提前（不用例子了吧？）
3 含有否定意义的词语在句首（否定词有never,not,not only,little,seldom,hardly,few,nowhere,scarcely,neither,nor,no longer,not untill,not once,in no way,in no case,ar no time,no sooner than,hardly when等等）
特别注意，in no time 的意思是马上，不含否定意思，因此它置句首句子不倒装！！！
例句：Not only was there no electricity,but also no water.
Never will he forgethis ferst time to take a plane.
Hardly had I got out of the house when it began to rain.
4 Only修饰的副词、介词短语或状语从句置句首时
例句：Only then did I begin my work.
Only if you ask many different questions will you acquire all the information.
Only in this way can you learn from your friends.
5 so,neither,nor引起的句子，表示前面的情况也适合另一人或同一人的另一情况时。
例句：My sister enjoys travelling. So do I.
I don't know and nor do I care.
前后的谓语要保持时态一致。
如果前面主句中既有谓语动词又有系动词，或者一半肯定一半否定，则用句子So it is/was with sb.
6 在so/such...that...结构中，so/such放句首时
例句：So proud was he that he never listened to any advice.
Such a kind person is he that...
7 虚拟条件从句省略if时（只有if后面跟should,had,were时可省略if）
例句：Should you need more information,please let me know.
Had Mark invited me I would have been glad to come.

我所总结的都是高中阶段的语法……你的问题就9个字，我可打得辛苦死了呢！求分求分求分……

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葫芦岛市15541936995： 英语 疑问 全倒装和半倒装 - ？
慕音低精： 在符合完全倒装的条件时,如果句子主语是代词,主语和谓语不发生倒装,而只是把要强调的部分置于句首.如果主语是名词,则谓语在前主语在后.例如Away he went. Away went Tom.

葫芦岛市15541936995： 英语;什么是全倒装,什么是半倒装 - ？
慕音低精：[答案] 正常的句子顺序是主谓宾(如It is here) 全倒装就是宾谓主(如Here is it) 半倒装就是宾主谓(如Here it is)

葫芦岛市15541936995： 全倒装与半倒装的区别,什么是全部谓语动词包括哪几部分请举例详细说明,还有助动词也请举例说明我太纠结了, - ？
慕音低精：[答案] 8. 答案:就把这个be动词(is)提前即可. 8. 此时部分倒装和全部倒装的确有可能搞混,但关键是它们的用处不一. 会不会搞混就看楼主的英语水平了! 8. 其实把be动词提前的全部倒装只适用于以下情况:“表语 +

葫芦岛市15541936995： 英语语法中半倒装和全倒装的区别是? - ？
慕音低精： 半倒装是只是将谓语中的一部分放在主语之前,其余部分仍在主语后面;而全倒装则是将句子的谓语动词直接放在主语前.

葫芦岛市15541936995： 什么是倒装句 - ？
慕音低精：[答案] 为了强调、突出等语的目的而颠倒原有语序的句式叫做倒装句.在倒装句中,颠倒了的成分可以恢复原位而句意基本不变,句法成分不变. 英语的基本句型是主语 + 谓语.如果将主语与谓语调换, 称倒装句. 装句分全倒装句和半倒装句. 一、 全倒装: 主...

葫芦岛市15541936995： 求英语中倒装知识半倒装和全倒装都是怎么倒装?,什么样是半倒装?什么样是全倒装?有例句更好. - ？
慕音低精：[答案] 全部倒装是只将句子中的谓语动词全部置于主语之前. There goes the bell. 部分倒装指将谓语的一部分如助动词或情态倒装至主语之前. Never have I seen such a performance.

葫芦岛市15541936995： 全倒装和半倒装句式的讲解,举例说明 - ？
慕音低精： 倒装句之全部倒装 全部倒装是只将句子中的谓语动词全部置于主语之前.此结构通常只用与一般现在时和 一般过去时.常见的结构有: 1) here, there, now, then, thus等副词置于句首, 谓语动词常用be, come, go, lie, run. There goes the bell. ...

葫芦岛市15541936995： 英语中的全倒装与半倒装句式上的差异?什么情况下可以用全倒装?什么情况下用半倒装? - ？
慕音低精： 全倒装只有两种情况,there/here +be句型和一些副词开头的句子,包括out,down,off,back等.如:Here comes the bus. /Out rushed the puppy. 其他都是半倒装,所有的疑问句都是半倒装,把助动词和情态动词提前到主语前面.剩下的总结为NAOSHI(闹市),否定词(N)在句首,(A)as引导的让步状语从句,(O)only修饰状语放在句首,(S)so do sb表重复,(H)here前面讲过了,(I)if引导的虚拟条件句省略if把had,should,were提前.

葫芦岛市15541936995： 英语中的虚拟语气和倒装句式的全部结构 - ？
慕音低精：[答案] 倒装句用法 英语的基本句型是主语 + 谓语.如果将主语与谓语调换,称倒装句. 装句分全倒装句和半倒装句. 一、 全倒装:主语与谓语交换位置不需任何助动词,叫全倒装.全倒装有以下三种情况: 1、当here,there,out,in,up,down等副词放在句首时,句...

葫芦岛市15541936995： 全倒装与半倒装 - ？
慕音低精： 全倒: 1 表语置句首 adj.+link verb+subject... 例句:Present at the meeting were XX and XX. 分词+link verb Gone are the days when ... 2 There be句型(不用例子了吧?) 3 直接引语的部分或全部在句首 例句:＂Is it ready yet?＂asked my father....