什么是speech act theory

what is speech act theory? use examples to illustrate it.~

This is the first major theory in the study of language in use,which originated with the Oxford philosopher John Langshaw Austin.The major idea of the theory is that things can be done with words.
1.Performative and Constative(行事话语与叙事话语)
Austin's first shot at the theory is the claim that there are two types of sentenses:performatives and constatives.
If the uttering of the sentences is a part of doing of an action,the sentences are called performatives.And verbs like name are called performative verbs.
e.g. I name this ship the Queen Elizabeth.
I promise to finish in time.
I apologize.
In contrast,constatives are descriptons of what the speaker is doing at the moment of speaking.
2.Theory of the Illocutionary Act(行事行为理论)
In Austin’s opinion,there are three senses in which saying something may be understood as doing something.
An Locutionary Act(言内行为)means that when we speak,we move our vocal organs and produce a number of sounds with a certain meaning.(指“说话”这一行为本身，即发声、说出单词、句子等等行为，言内行为通常表述的是话语的字面意思。)
An Illocutionary Act(言外行为)is using a sentence to perform a function.(说话时，因为言语本身的一些习惯力量而随之产生的其他一些行为，例如允诺、警告等等。)
A Perlocutionary Act(言后行为)is the result or effects that are produced by meanings of saying something.(指话语在听者身上产生的效果。)

外语教学法(Foreign Language Teaching Methodology)（FLTM）is a science which studies the process and patterns of foreign language teaching.”
不知道
美国总统
The innatist theory is mainly concerned with first language acquisition. It asserts that human have access to the knowledge that is processed innately.
言语行为理论（Speech act theory），言语行为理论是语言语用研究中的一个重要理论。它最初是由英国哲学家约翰。
[u][c]能力；胜任the ability to do sth well
to gain a high level of competence in English
获得高水平的英语能力
professional/technical competence
专业╱技术能力
[u]（法庭、机构或人的）权限，管辖权the power that a court, an organization or a person has to deal with sth
The judge has to act within the competence of the court.
法官必须在法庭的权限范围内行使权力。outside sb's area of competence
超出某人的权限范围[c]技能；本领a skill that you need in a particular job or for a particular task

speech act theory
生词本
英 [spi:tʃ ækt ˈθiəri] 美 [spitʃ ækt ˈθiəri]
言语行为理论
网 络
言语行为理论；语言行为理论报

双语例句
1. Speech act theory is one of the important parts of pragmatics.
言语行为理论是语用学的重要组成部分之一.

2. But Austin, who puts forward speech act theory, maintains that language is not only referent, but also performative.
言语行为理论始创者奥斯汀提出语言不仅仅具有指称作用, 同样具有施为作用.

3. Speech act theory is an important theory in the pragmatic study of language.
言语行为理论是语言语用研究中的一个重要理论.

4. The Speech Act Theory is one of the most important theories in pragmatics study.
言语行为理论是语用学的核心理论之一.

5. According to speech act theory, a speaker might be performing three acts simultaneously and perlocutionary act.
根据言语行为理论, 我们说话的同时是在实施某种行为.

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江洲区17393489447： what is speech act theory?use examples to illustrate it.再举个例子说明一下,要英文的 - ？
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