that和which在定语从句中的区别
定语从句中that和which的用法怎么区分
这两个词的区别我懂，"Which"用于非限定性从句，提供额外的信息，通常用逗号与主句隔开。"That"用于限定性从句，提供必要的关键信息，不使用逗号分隔。给大家简单总结了两个词的含义、发音以及用法，先大概的了解一下~~
接下来让我们看下which和that的其他区别：
1. "Which"和"that"在限定性和非限定性从句中的使用：
- "Which"用于非限定性从句，提供额外的信息，通常用逗号与主句隔开。
- "That"用于限定性从句，提供必要的关键信息，不使用逗号分隔。
例句：
- I have two dogs, which are both rescue animals.
（我有两只狗，它们都是被救助的动物。）
- The book that I bought yesterday is really interesting.
（我昨天买的那本书非常有趣。）
2. "Which"和"that"在修饰物品时的区别：
- "Which"用于修饰具体的物体，无论是生物还是非生物，可以替代整个从句。
- "That"用于修饰特定的物体，通常用于指示或强调特定的人或事物。
例句：
- I found my necklace, which was missing for a week.
（我找到了我的项链，已经失踪了一周了。）
- Pass me the pen that is on the table.
（把桌子上的笔给我。）
3. "Which"和"that"在修饰人时的区别：
- "Which"不常用于修饰人，除非与非限定性从句结合使用，强调陈述的信息。
- "That"通常用于修饰人时，提供关键的身份或特征信息。
例句：
- She is the doctor which/that I saw at the hospital yesterday.
（她是我昨天在医院见到的那位医生。）
- The man that I met at the party is a famous actor.
（我在派对上遇到的那个人是一位著名的演员。）
4. "Which"和"that"在修饰抽象概念时的区别：
- "Which"通常用于修饰抽象概念，强调对整个情况或情感的陈述。
- "That"同样可用于修饰抽象概念，但更常用于指示某一特定的方面或细节。
例句：
- They had a great time at the party, which made them very happy.
（他们在派对上玩得很开心，这让他们非常快乐。）
- The fact that she won the competition surprised everyone.
（她赢得比赛的事实让每个人都感到惊讶。）
5. "Which"和"that"在非限定性从句中的主观倾向：
- "Which"在非限定性从句中有一种较为客观的倾向，提供额外的信息，不强调主观观点。
- "That"在非限定性从句中有一种较为主观的倾向，强调陈述的事实或个人观点。
例句：
- My car, which is black, needs to be cleaned.
（我的车是黑色的，需要清洁。）
- She made a statement that she would never forget.
（她发表了一番话，她将永远不会忘记。）
1. 引导非限制性定语从句时，通常要用which：
The current, which is very rapid, makes the river dangerous.
水流湍急，使这条河很危险。
He has to work on Sundays, which he doesn’t like.
他得在星期天工作，他是不喜欢这样的。
The London team, which played so well last season, has done badly this
season.
伦敦队上一个季度打得很好，这个季度却打得很差。
2. 直接放在介词后作宾语时，通常要用which：
She may be late, in which case we ought to wait for her.
她可能晚到，那样我们就要等等她。
The documents for which they were searching have been recovered.
他们找寻的文件已找到了。
This morning some port wine came, for which I have to thank you.
今天早上送来一些波尔图葡萄酒，为此我得向你道谢。
注：有时“介词+which”引导的定语从句可以转换成“介词+which+不定式”结构：
He had only the long nights in which he could study. =He had only the long nights in which to
study.
他只有漫漫长夜可用来学习。
He had a couple of revolvers with which he could defend himself.= He had a couple of revolvers with which to defend himself. 他只有一两把手枪用来自卫。
3. 当先行词是下列不定代词或被它们修饰时much, little, none, all,few, every(thing), any(thing), no(thing) 等时，通常用that：
All that she lacked was training.
她缺的只是训练。
Have you everything that you need?
你需要的东西都有了吗?
The sleeping man’s subconscious mind retained everything that was said
around him.
这位酣睡的人头脑的下意识能记住他周围的人说的话。
She would never do anything that was not approved of by her parents.
她父母不赞同的事她绝不会做。
4. 当先行词有
the very, the only, the same 等修饰时，通常用that：
This is the only example that I know.
我知道的例子只有这一个。
Those are the very words that he used.
那是他的原话。
5. 当先行词有形容词最高级或序数词(包括last, next等)等修饰时，通常用that：
This is the best dictionary that I’ve ever used.
这是我用过的最好的词典。
The first thing that you should do is to work out a plan.
你应该做的第一件事是订个计划。
6. 当关系代词在定语从句中用作表语时，通常用that：
China is not the country (that) it was.
中国已不是过去的中国了。
7. 当先行词是一个既指人又指物的并列词组时，通常用that：
They talked about the persons and things that most impressed them.
他们谈论了使他们印象最深的人和事。
8. 当要避免重复时：
Which is the course that we are to take?
我们选哪门课程？
一) 当先行词指物时只能用 that 而不能用which 的几种常见情况
1 先行词为all, anything, everything, nothing, much, none, little 等不定代词时。
如There is nothing that can stop him from doing it
2 先行词前有 last, next, only，very 及序数词、最高级等修饰时。如
This is the most interesting film that was shown last week
这是上周所放映的影片中最有趣的一部。
The only thing that they can do is to wait
他们唯一能做的事就是等待。
3 先行词前有序数词或最高级等修饰时。如
This is the second computer that father has just bought
这是爸爸刚刚买的第二台电脑。
This is the very pen (that) you bought yesterday
这正是你昨天买的笔。
4当先行词既有人，又有物时。如
Sally is talking about the writer and his book that interests her
萨丽在谈论这位作家及能使她感兴趣的这位作家的书。
5 当主语是who 的疑问句。如
Who is the boy that is playing computer games?
在玩电脑游戏的男孩是谁?
二)
当先行词指物时，只能用 which 而不能用that 的场合
1关系代词前有介词时。如
This is the house in which Tom once lived
这是汤姆曾经住过的房子。
2 在非限定性定语从句(即通常用逗号与主句隔开，如果去掉逗号，整个句子仍能表达完整的意义的定语从句)中。如
They are talking about the TV play, which they saw last night
他们正在谈论昨晚看的电视剧。
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