求求求wales的简介（英文的啊）谢谢谢谢谢谢

cardiff bay的简介（中英文皆可，最好中文）~

>>>Cardiff Bay
Cardiff Bay (Welsh: Bae Caerdydd) is the area created by the Cardiff Barrage in South Cardiff, the capital of Wales. The regeneration of Cardiff Bay is now widely regarded as one of the most successful regeneration projects in the United Kingdom.[1] The Bay is supplied by two rivers (Taff and Ely) to form a 500-acre (2.0 km2) freshwater lake round the former dockland area south of the city centre. The Bay was formerly tidal, with access to the sea limited to a couple of hours each side of high water but now provides 24 hour access through three locks.

>>>History
Cardiff Bay played a major part in Cardiff’s development by being the means of exporting coal from the South Wales Valleys to the rest of the world, helping to power the industrial age. The coal mining industry helped fund the building of Cardiff into the Capital city of Wales and helped the Third Marquis of Bute, who owned the docks, become the richest man in the world at the time.
As Cardiff exports grew, so did its population; dockworkers and sailors from across the world settled in neighbourhoods close to the docks, known as Tiger Bay, and communities from up to 45 different nationalities, including Norwegian, Somali, Yemeni, Spanish, Italian, Caribbean and Irish helped create the unique multicultural character of the area.
After the Second World War most of the industry closed down and became derelict. But, in 1999, new life was injected into the area by the building of the Cardiff Bay Barrage, one of the most controversial building projects of the day but also one of the most successful.[3]

>>>Development
The Cardiff Bay Development Corporation (CBDC) was created in 1987 to stimulate the redevelopment of 1,100 hectares (2,700 acres) of derelict land.[4] The Development Corporation aimed to attract private capital by spending public money to improve the area. Despite opposition by environmentalists and wildlife organisations, the mudflats at the mouths of the River Taff and River Ely were inundated, with loss of habitat for wading birds. The Barrage has created several new habitats for freshwater species with the wetlands to the south of the Hamadryad Park.
When the Development Corporation was wound up in on 31 March 2000, it had achieved many of its objectives. The whole area was unrecognisable from ten years before. Much private land was now open to the public, particularly around the inner harbour and the north side of Roath basin. Work is progressing to complete a 13 kilometre walkway around the Bay and the Barrage has created a world-class environment. In addition, the development has enabled land in the city centre to be redeveloped for higher-value uses.[5]
The development of "something like 1,250 apartments a year"[6] however might cause future problems. As at 2008 up to one third were not occupied. Critics such as Lorraine Barrett (AM Labour, Cardiff South and Penarth) say, the flat complexes will not help to build up a community and too little attention has been paid to develop affordable housing. With the recent falls in property values, sales in the area have become problematic. Therefore landlords might be more willing to rent their places out to "people who may not be suited to that type of living."[7]
Connecting the Bay area to the centre of Cardiff was a primary goal when plans to develop the docklands were first mooted. Original plans included a grand boulevard (similar to where Lloyd George Avenue is located now) with high density commercial and residential units straddling both sides. This would have created significant demand for quality public transport provisions facilitating connections to the new Bay area but public transport was often of poor quality and, but there are now much improved connections through the Cardiff Bus BayCar service and rail service from Cardiff Queen Street to Cardiff Bay railway station.

>>>Notable buildings
>St David's Hotel
The St David's Hotel and Spa is a 5-star luxury hotel with commanding views of the Bay and Penarth.[8] Built by Rocco Forte in 2000, the hotel was sold in 2007 to Principal-Haley hotels.
>[edit] The Pierhead Building
The Pierhead was built in 1897 and designed by William Frame, who studied under William Burgess[9] It was formerly the headquarters of the Bute Dock Company.
>[edit] The Senedd
The Senedd is the National Assembly for Wales building which includes the debating chamber and committee rooms.
>[edit] Wales Millennium Centre
The Wales Millennium Centre, seen from Roald Dahl PlassThe Wales Millennium Centre is home to the Welsh National Opera.
>[edit] Norwegian Church
The Norwegian Church Arts Centre, is a rescued historic wooden church that was rebuilt in 1992 and operates as a registered self funded not for profit charity. It is managed by Cardiff Harbour Authority and is as a venue for small concerts, art exhibitions, conferences, meetings and celebrations. .[10] When living in Cardiff as a child, the famous children's author Roald Dahl attended this church.
>[edit] Craft in the Bay
A refurbished Victorian dockside building houses Craft in the Bay, the home of the Makers Guild in Wales.
>[edit] Techniquest
Techniquest is an educational science & discovery centre, which also includes a science theatre and planetarium.
>[edit] Roald Dahl Plass
Roald Dahl Plass is a large open amphitheatre style plaza frequently used as a venue for carnivals and festivals all year round.
>[edit] Mermaid Quay
Mermaid Quay comprises a mix of restaurants, bars, cafés, shops and services located on the waterfront

>>>Water-based attractions
Cardiff Bay Wetland Reserve - which has rare birds and a boardwalk leading to a viewing platform
Cardiff Waterbus - which offers a public transport service and tourist cruises
Cardiff Bay Barrage - accessible via the Water Bus and by road, and free to explore and also has guided tours
Lightship 2000 - a restored old red Helwick Lightvessel with a cafe and chapel on board.
Queen Alexandra Dock
Cardiff International Pool
Cardiff International White Water
Cardiff Sailing Centre - A council run watersports facility based on Cardiff Bay Barrage
Cardiff Yacht Club - dinghy racing and cruising, yacht racing and cruising, sea fishing and rowing
Cardiff Bay Yacht Club - premier watersports club in South Wales
Cardiff City Rowing Club

>>>Commercial and residential
Red Dragon Centre, Cardiff BayStyle-conscious shops, bars and restaurants at Mermaid Quay.
Cardiff Bay Retail Park
Mischief's Cafe Bar, a cafe bar and live music venue.
The Coal Exchange (aka The Exchange Centre), a venue for staged events.
Harry Ramsden's fish and chip bar - a large, prominent building.
Cardiff Bay Ice Rink
Cardiff International Sports Village
The Red Dragon Centre (formerly Atlantic Wharf Leisure Village), a leisure and entertainment complex with a Doctor Who exhibit.

>>>Appearances in the media
Cardiff Bay was used as the high-tech urban setting for the Ninth Doctor Doctor Who episode Boom Town and for the Torchwood spinoff, whose makers deliberately avoided stereotypical portrayals of Wales in order to portray Cardiff as it is today, a modern urban centre. In the Torchwood series, there is a giant underground base, secretly under-neath the Bay named "The Hub" from where the Torchwood team work. There is also a lift from the hub into the plaza with a perception filter making anyone who stands on the spot "Not noticed".[11] Roald Dahl Plass features prominently.
Also the Tenth Doctor Doctor Who Christmas Special (2006), "The Runaway Bride" [12] made use of office buildings in the Cardiff Bay

>>>Transport
Cardiff Bay railway station is northeast of Mermaid Quay and is served by shuttle services to Cardiff Queen Street railway station. Cardiff Bus operates the following services to the Bay:
1 - Bay Circle clockwise: Grangetown-Leckwith-Canton-Fairwater-Llandaff-Gabalfa-Heath-Penylan-Roath-Tremorfa-Central Station
2 - Bay Circle anticlockwise: as above but reversed
6 - Baycar: Queen Street station via Central Station
8 - City Centre via Grangetown
11 - Pengam Green via Central Station and Tremorfa
35/36 - Gabalfa via Central Station, Cathays and Heath
The Bay lies off the A4232 before the Butetown tunnels and is linked to the city centre by Lloyd George Avenue and Bute Street.
The Pont y Werin pedestrian and cycle bridge opened in July 2010, completing a six and a half mile circular route around Cardiff Bay and Penarth.
A cycle hire system, similar to those in other large cities, launched in September 2009, and includes 70 bikes and 35 hire points (initially 7) around the centre and the south of the city. The current stations are: Central Station; Cardiff Bay Station; County Hall; Cardiff Bay Visitors’ Centre; Churchill Way; City Hall and eastern Queen Street. It is necessary to register before using bike. The first half an hour is free after which a small hourly fee is payable.

很荣幸收到您的求助问题威尔士：威尔士的地理位置 尔士东临英格兰，南临布里斯托海峡，北与西滨临爱尔兰海，土地面积为20720平方公里，首府为加迪夫。威尔士通往欧洲各市场的交通十分便捷，也有铁路、公路直接通往英法海底隧道，新的欧洲铁路货运站也设在加迪夫。威尔士是英国最安全、犯罪率最低的地区。
　　威尔士人的生活离不开体育活动，举办健行、爬山、高尔夫球、风浪板以及被视为是威尔士国家运动的橄榄球都是十分盛行的户外运动。在日常生活中除了北威尔士地区仍使用威尔士语外，南威尔士地区仍以英语为主要语言，所以在求学与生活上并不会有所谓威尔士口音的适应问题。
　　威尔士素有“歌曲之乡”（Land of Song）的美名，造就出许许多多的音乐人才与优良的音乐传统。在首府卡迪夫市中心，有一座可容纳数万人的“千禧年体育场”，为六国橄榄球赛与英国足球联赛 (FA Cup) 决赛场地，此体育场原为加迪夫唯一的国际标准游泳池，但仍改建成橄榄球场，足以显示威尔士人对橄榄球之热爱。
——《职业团队》真诚为您解答

Introduction to Wales

South Wales
No longer the dreary coal-exporting port as it was so often depicted in the 20th century, Cardiff, the capital of Wales, is hot and happening -- one of the most attractive cities of Britain to visit. Cardiff (Caerdydd in Welsh) is a large seaport built on the tidal estuary of the Taff River.
Enriched by the Industrial Revolution, it eventually declined after World War II with the closing of coal mines, railroads, and factories. The old industrial city long envisioned has been replaced by a progressive, inviting modern port, as exemplified by the new waterfront along Cardiff Bay. Here you'll find renewal at its best, with restaurants, hotels, and a hands-on exhibit, Techniquest.
Cardiff can also be your launching pad for the treasures of South Wales. This area in recent decades has turned a bright, new face to the world and is no longer known for its depressing stories of slag heaps, dreary cottages, and denuded hillsides that were once proudly forested.
In fact, it is imbued with some of the great beauty spots of Britain: the Brecon Beacons National Park, 835 sq. km (519 sq. miles) of beauty and pleasure grounds with nature reserves; Gower Peninsula, an area of outstanding natural beauty stretching for 23km (14 miles) from the Mumbles to Worms Head in the West; and, finally, Pembrokeshire Coast National Park, one of the smallest national parks of Britain (only 362 sq. km/225 sq. miles) but an area acclaimed for its coastal scenery.
On the western side of Cardiff, the city of Swansea on Swansea Bay of the Bristol Channel, seems a natural starting place for a visit to Southwest Wales. After a sojourn in the immediate vicinity of the port city, the beautiful peninsula of Gower, Swansea's neighbor, draws you westward. You'll see where Dylan Thomas, the country's outstanding 20th-century poet, was born, and then move on to the west to Laugharne, where the poet lived, wrote, and is buried.
Swansea is on the western edge of West Glamorgan county. When the counties of Wales were realigned and consolidated in 1973, Pembrokeshire and Carmarthenshire, familiar names in Welsh history, became part of Dyfed County, an even older designation for the area they occupy. In this southwestern corner of the country, you'll be introduced to the land of St. David and Celtic crosses, of craggy coastlines and the cromlechs marking the burial places of prehistoric humans.
In addition to Swansea, you'll find two more excellent bases outside Cardiff -- Tenby, one of the most famous coastal resorts of Wales, its charm and character dating from the Middle Ages, plus St. Davids, a tiny cathedral city, birthplace of the patron saint of Wales.
Two major attractions that you may want to seek out even on a rushed visit are Pembroke Castle, oldest castle in West Wales, and seat of the earls of Pembroke, and Tintern Abbey, in the Wye Valley, founded in 1131, once one of the richest and most important monastic houses of Wales.
The northern periphery of South Wales is actually called Mid Wales, but because Wales is such a small country, this region is grouped in this section for the convenience of touring. All its attractions can easily be explored while you are based in South Wales or you can transfer there for overnight visits.
The scenery of Mid Wales is rich and varied. Wide beaches and craggy promontories, from which you can see all the way to Ireland over Cardigan Bay and the Irish sea, outline the western reaches. Forests, foothills, moors, mountains, and gently rolling meadowlands are all part of this beautiful section of the principality. For a long time it was impossible -- well, almost -- to drive from the Welsh-English border to the sea in much of this area, as its parts were linked only by the old drovers' tracks across the Cambrian Mountains, along which farmers took their sheep and cattle to the markets. The interior, much of it heavily wooded and with deep river valleys and ravines, holds tranquil little farms, villages, and traces of religious centers and mining enterprises.
North Wales
North Wales is a rewarding target for those willing to seek it out. Distinctly different from England, it is linguistically and culturally different from most of Britain and is known for its beauty spots, a land of mountains and lakes interspersed with castles. The most powerful of the Welsh princes held sway here, and the land remains staunchly nationalistic even to this day. British families flock to the coastal resorts on holidays, especially in July and August, whereas others prefer to seek out the footpaths of Snowdonia National Park.
Mountain peaks and steep wooded slopes, spectacular estuaries and rugged cliffs brooding over secluded coves, lakes, little rivers, and valleys with tiny towns looking as if they were carved out of granite -- all these join to make up Snowdonia National Park. The park, with slate mines, moors, heavy forests, mountain lakes, grain fields, and pastures, swift-moving rivers, and sandy beaches, takes its name from Snowdon, at 1,085m (3,560 ft.) the highest peak in Wales and England. Most of the Snowdonia area is in the County of Gwynedd, once the ancient Welsh kingdom of that name. Its prince, Owen ap Gwynedd, never agreed to let himself be reduced to the status of baron under the English kings. Because his terrain was mountainous and wild, it helped him stave off an invasion by forces accustomed to fighting on flat land.
The rocky, majestic crags of Snowdonia National Park are rivaled by the mighty walls and soaring towers of Caernarfon Castle, the best example of castle-building in medieval Wales. Caernarfon (formerly spelled Caernarvon) and its neighbors, Anglesey and the Lleyn Peninsula, reaching out from its northwest and west, are all part of the County of Gwynedd. Legends of holy islands and druidical mysteries flourished among the Celtic peoples who lived in this area in long-ago centuries.
Many of the native-born people of this region are of blood stock little changed over the centuries. Most are bilingual, with English as their second tongue, and signs are usually in both languages.
The County of Clwyd, which occupies northeastern Wales, has miles of sandy beaches along the north coast; highland ranges, peat bogs, and deep valleys lush with greenery in the center; coal country to the southeast; and industry, agriculture, and sheep farming in the section nearest the estuary of the River Dee and the English border. What is now Clwyd (by order of Parliament since 1973) was before that time Denbighshire and Flintshire.

威尔士((大不列颠 (Great Britain) 岛西南部的地方; 首府加地夫 (Cardiff) ))

英国威尔士由靠近欧洲大陆西北部海岸的不列颠群岛的大部分岛所组成，她隔北海、多佛尔海峡和英吉利海峡同欧洲大陆相望，是一个岛国。

她的总面积为244100平方公里。由不同部落融合的四个民族，即英格兰人、威尔士人、苏格兰人、爱尔兰人组成，其中英格兰人占总人口的80%。

英国居民多信基督教新教，北爱尔兰地区部分居民信天主教。依英国历史性和地理性划分为英格兰、苏格兰、威尔士、北爱尔兰四个行政区。1974年地方行政制度改革后，英格兰划分为39个普通郡及7个大都会区；威尔士划分为8个普通郡；苏格兰地区仍沿用旧制，有12个郡， 北爱尔兰划分为26个自治郡。英国冬温夏凉，属海洋性温带气候。

我国北京与英国格林威治标准时间相差8小时， 即英国格林威治标准时间为零时，而我国北京是早晨8时。

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