英国有个得诺贝尔奖的科学家，年轻时是个混混，后来有个女的说宁可跳河里也不嫁给你。那人是谁？

女科学家有谁~

玛丽·居里（波兰），居里夫人就不用说了，其他的有：
希帕蒂娅是历史记载最早的著名的古罗马女科学家、天文学家和哲学家
卡罗琳·赫舍尔 (1750年-1848年)出生在德国汉诺威，发现了8颗彗星及星云的伟大天文学家
埃达·洛夫莱斯伯爵夫人(1815年-1852年) 美国国防部用的她名字命名Ada计算机程序语言，以纪念这位150年前帮助英国发明家查理·巴贝奇研制出
后来被认为历史上第一台计算机的女科学家。
埃达·拜伦1815年出生在英国伦敦，她首先为计算拟定了“算法”，然后拟定了“程序设计流程图”，这也被后人认定为“第一个计算机程序”。
伊雷娜·约里奥-居里 (1897年-1956年）和她的丈夫弗雷德里克·约里奥发现新的人造放射性元素而双双获得诺贝尔化学奖
利斯·迈特纳，奥地利物理学家，发现了具有决定意义的核裂变。但是，诺贝尔奖却只授给了她的合作者奥托·哈恩。
多萝西·克罗福特·霍奇金(1910年-1994年) 英国生物化学家。1955年用X射线衍射技术确定维生素B12、青霉素和它的化合物的复杂分子结构，获
1964年诺贝尔化学奖。
芭芭拉·麦克林托克(1902年-1992年) 发现自发移动的遗传基因，1983年获得了诺贝尔生理学或医学奖之后才产生了巨大影响。
罗莎琳德·富兰克林 (1920年-1958年) 美国植物学家。发现活动遗传基因，即遗传基因可移动性，从而获1983年诺贝尔生物和医学奖。
乔斯琳·贝尔-伯内尔 (1943年-)在排除信号来自于天外星球后，猜测可能出自一个巨大而特殊的星体，这个星体被称为脉冲星
格蒂·科里：美国生物化学家。用组织提取液和纯化酶完成了从糖到乳酸的完整代谢过程，在1947年与其丈夫同获诺贝尔生物学奖和医学奖。
玛丽亚·戈波尔特·梅耶：美国物理学家。在1949年提出关于原子核结构的壳后模型理论而获得1963年诺贝尔物理学奖。
罗沙琳·雅罗：美国医学物理学家。在研究中把免疫学、同位系学、数学、物理学有机地结合起来，创制出具有高灵敏性的放射免疫试验方法，与其
合作者同获1977年诺贝尔生物学与医学奖。
丽莎·蓝道尔 出生于1962年，现年45岁美国哈佛大学理论物理学家 ，2007年美国《时代》杂志评选为全球“100名最有影响力人物”之一，被公认
为当今全球最权威的额外维度物理学家
何怡贞（1910~2008）九三学社社员、中国第一位女物理博士、著名物理学家2005年度获李薰成就奖，是李薰奖中最高荣誉，在国际材料科学与工程
领域有重大影响、为我国材料科学与工程和金属所发展做出杰出贡献。
吴健雄(1912－1997)她对物理学的杰出贡献，赢得全世界的赞誉 ，“世界物理女王”、“中国的居里夫人”。以实验验证了“弱相互作用下的宇称
不守恒”和“β衰变中矢量流守恒定律”。1990年中科院紫金山天文台将国际编号为2752号的小行星命名为“吴健雄星”。
何泽慧女核物理学家1914年3月5日出生于江苏苏州。1945年在德国皇家学院从云室中首先发现正负电子几乎全部交换能量的弹性碰撞现象；1946年底
，在法国约里奥—居里实验室与钱三强及另外两名法国研究生发现了核裂变的三分裂现象；还首先观察到四分裂现象；1947年初，与钱三强正式发表
论文，在国际科学界引起巨大轰动，当时许多媒体称他们为“中国的居里夫妇”；1948年回国，研制出我国自制的分别对质子或电子灵敏的核乳胶，
还在中子物理与裂变物理实验研究、固体径迹探测技术、空间科学、宇宙射线等方面作出重要贡献

应该是《美丽心灵》

《美丽心灵》是一部关于一个真实天才的极富人性的剧情片。故事的原型是数学家小约翰-福布斯-纳什(Jr.John Forbes Nash)。英俊而又十分古怪的纳什早年就做出了惊人的数学发现，开始享有国际声誉。但纳什出众的直觉受到了精神分裂症的困扰，使他向学术上最高层次进军的辉煌历程发生了巨大改变。面对这个曾经击毁了许多人的挑战，纳什在深爱着的妻子艾丽西亚(Alicia)的相助下，毫不畏惧，顽强抗争。经过了几十年的艰难努力，他终于战胜了这个不幸，并于1994年获得诺贝尔经济学奖。这是一个真人真事的传奇故事，今天纳什继续在他的领域中耕耘着。
希望能帮助你啊！

又是个道听途说的瞎编故事而已，一点求真求实的气力不愿意花就绘声绘色给别人讲，还对伪事实大发感慨——国内作者们一贯的作风。这个故事的版本就像下面这样：

谢林顿的传奇故事

1932年12月10日，瑞典斯德哥尔摩加罗林医学院外科研究院诺贝尔委员会宣布：本年度的诺贝尔生理学或医学奖，授予英国的生理学家查尔斯·谢林顿。

这种全世界科学方面的最高荣誉，使谢林顿成为当时英国最著名的科学家之一。可一些了解他过去的人们却心存怀疑：当真是谢林顿获诺贝尔奖了吗？这怎么可能？

熟人们的怀疑是有些根据的。

1857年，谢林顿出生在英国的一处贫民窟里，不久成了孤儿，险些被冻死，幸亏被一位牧师送到了教堂里教养起来。人们不知道他的父母是什么人，只知道他们已经死了。

由于缺乏父母的照顾和教育，童年的谢林顿染上许多恶习；打架、抢劫、偷窃，无所不为。虽然，牧师把他领进教堂，他也是恶习难改，因此，周围的人都说他“不是好种”。教堂四邻都相互告诫，对他这种街头恶少最好的办法是都不要理他。

当时，只有牧师对挽救他抱有坚定的信念，因为耶稣不也是降生在马槽里吗？可是，不懂事的谢林顿，依旧胡作非为，不思悔改。连牧师也不得不摇头叹息起来。

谢林顿看惯、受惯别人鄙视的嘴脸，也就不大在乎了，折腾得更厉害。后来，连牛奶棚里那位最善良的挤奶女工，也不愿意再搭理他了。厚颜无耻的谢林顿不但未察觉出来，还以为那位挤奶女工对他有意呢。

一天，他忽然产生一阵冲动，轻率地向挤奶女工求婚。谁料到，人家这样严词拒绝：

“我宁愿跳到泰晤士河里淹死，也不能嫁给你！”

谢林顿认为这是自己有生以来，所遭到的最致命的一个闷棍。这一闷棍使他清醒过来，成了他的转折点。

晚上，他请求牧师把他介绍到别的教堂里去，说：“谢谢你，牧师，请让我换个环境吧，不然，我可真要沉沦了！”

从此，谢林顿悄悄离开了伦敦。

他隐姓埋名，发愤读书，读了剑桥大学后，还连续攻读和研究中枢神经系统生理学。

有志者，事竟成。

20多年之后，谢林顿成了英国首屈一指的生理学家。他先后在伦敦大学、利物浦大学和牛津大学任教授。他详细研究了姿式和行走的反射基础，给中枢神经系统的整和功能作了具体生动的描绘。他对脊髓反射机制进行了深入分析，所提出的关于神经元和突触活动的基本概念，对以后神经生理学的发展影响很大。其中，尤其在中枢神经系统生理学方面有重要贡献。因此，荣获诺贝尔生理或医学奖。而他的《神经系统的整合作用》一书，是一部生理学的经典著作。

写到这里，连我也觉得谢林顿的传奇经历，真像一部神话故事。纵然让想象力最丰富的人来，也未必能猜到他会有如此光辉的未来。但这个神话又是完全真实的。关于他的成就的介绍，是国内外专家们逐字逐句斟酌敲定的，刊印在《辞海》上的。

从这里，可以给我们许多重要的启示。

首先，人是可以变化的。尤其是当环境起了变化之后，必定给人的变化带来影响。当然，实现这种变化，重要的是出现某种契机，这是事物转化的关键。谢林顿变化的契机，自然应感谢那位挤奶女工的一闷棍，把他击醒了，使他产生了一番要活出个人样来的志气。有了内在的动力，加上外部环境的改善，他的变化就是必然的了。

其次，人是具有巨大潜力的。人们往往仰慕伟人的成就，实际上，这些伟人不过是实现了他们该实现的东西，而普通人则未能实现该实现的东西。为什么会造成这种差别？除了客观因素之外，个人的心理因素差异是不容忽视的。成功者一般都是充满自信的，富有开拓甚至冒险精神，这就使其抓住了成功的机会。而失败者恰恰缺乏自信，不敢冒险，所以始终不能跨出关键的一步，对成功的机会只能望而兴叹。

对于像谢林顿这样被称为“街头恶少”的人，还有一个如何对待人言的问题。有好心者曾到处呼吁，不要歧视失足者，要伸出温暖的手拉他们一把。这无疑是不错的。但我以为，更重要的不是等别人伸出挽救的手，而是失足者顽强地站起来自救。

别人的歧视固然不对，但这种歧视的存在是合理的，它显示了一种社会道德观念对破坏者的愤慨态度。真正有自救能力的人，是不应惧怕歧视的，并且会把这种歧视当做正常现象，当做促进自己转变的动力。就像谢林顿对那一闷棍的态度一样。

从某种意义上说，失足者比未失足者进步更快。当然，这是指那些失足后有强烈自救愿望的人。他们尝到了人们歧视或压迫的滋味之后，往往会产生一种与旧有习惯叛裂的爆发力，一种宁死不回头的坚毅精神。这些努力常常可以形成新的十分可贵的品质，有益于取得成就。许多正常人因为超稳定的生活，反而可能失去某些激情和才智。自然，这不是说想成功先要去失足，而是强调应避免一种惰性因素的滋长。
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但是稍微查一下就知道， 查尔斯·斯科特·谢灵顿（Charles Scott Sherrington）的身世和家庭像这个故事说得那样吗？看看就知道：
Sir Charles Sherrington
The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1932

Charles Scott Sherrington was born on November 27, 1857, at Islington, London. He was the son of James Norton Sherrington, of Caister, Great Yarmouth, who died when Sherrington was a young child. Sherrington's mother later married Dr. Caleb Rose of Ipswich, a good classical scholar and a noted archaeologist, whose interest in the English artists of the Norwich School no doubt gave Sherrington the interest in art that he retained throughout his life.

In 1876 Sherrington began medical studies at St. Thomas's Hospital and in 1878 passed the primary examination of the Royal College of Surgeons, and a year later the primary examination for the Fellowship of that College. After a short stay at Edinburgh he went, in 1879, to Cambridge as a noncollegiate student studying physiology under Michael Foster, and in 1880 entered Gonville and Caius College there.

In 1881 he attended a medical congress in London at which Sir Michael Foster discussed the work of Sir Charles Bell and others on the experimental study of the functions of nerves that was then being done in England and elsewhere in Europe. At this congress controversy arose about the effects of excisions of parts of the cortex of the brains of dogs and monkeys done by Ferrier and Goltz of Strasbourg. Subsequently, Sherrington worked on this problem in Cambridge with Langley, and with him published, in 1884, a paper on it. In this manner Sherrington was introduced to the neurological work to which he afterwards devoted his life.

In 1883 Sherrington became Demonstrator of Anatomy at Cambridge under Professor Sir George Humphrey, and during the winter session of 1883-1884 at St. Thomas's Hospital he demonstrated histology.

The years 1884 and 1885 were eventful ones for Sherrington, for during the winter of 1884-1885 he worked with Goltz at Strasbourg, in 1884 he obtained his M.R.C.S., and in 1885 a First Class in the Natural Sciences Tripos at Cambridge with distinction. During this year he published a paper of his own on the subject of Goltz's dogs. In 1885 he also took his M.B. degree at Cambridge and in 1886 his L.R.C.P.

In 1885 Sherrington went, as a member of a Committee of the Association for Research in Medicine, to Spain to study an outbreak of cholera, and in 1886 he visited the Venice district also to investigate the same disease, the material then obtained being examined in Berlin under the supervision of Virchow, who later sent Sherrington to Robert Koch for a six weeks' course in technique. Sherrington stayed with Koch to do research in bacteriology for a year, and in 1887 he was appointed Lecturer in Systematic Physiology at St. Thomas's Hospital, London, and also was elected a Fellow of Gonville and Caius College, Cambridge. In 1891 he was appointed in succession to Sir Victor Horsley, Professor and Superintendent of the Brown Institute for Advanced Physiological and Pathological Research in London. In 1895 he became Professor of Physiology at the University of Liverpool.

During his earlier years in Cambridge, Sherrington, influenced by W. H. Gaskell and by the Spanish neurologist, Ramón y Cajal, whom he had met during his visit to Spain, took up the study of the spinal cord. By 1891 his mind had turned to the problems of spinal reflexes, which were being much discussed at that time, and Sherrington published several papers on this subject and, during 1892-1894, others on the efferent nerve supply of muscles. Later, from 1893-1897, he studied the distribution of the segmented skin fields, and made the important discovery that about one-third of the nerve fibres in a nerve supplying a muscle are efferent, the remainder being motor.

At Liverpool he returned to his earlier study of the problem of the innervation of antagonistic muscles and showed that reflex inhibition played an important part in this. In addition to this, however, he was studying the connection between the brain and the spinal cord by way of the pyramidal tract, and he was at this time visited by the American surgeon Harvey Cushing, then a young man, who stayed with him for eight months.

In 1906 he published his well-known book: The Integrative Action of the Nervous System, being his Silliman Lectures held at Yale University the previous year, and in 1913 he was invited to become Waynfleet Professor of Physiology at Oxford, a post for which he had unsuccessfully applied in 1895, and here he remained until his retirement in 1936. Here he wrote, and published in 1919, his classic book entitled Mammalian Physiology: a Course of Practical Exercises, and here he regularly taught the students for whom this book was written.

In physique Sherrington was a well-built, but not very tall man with a strong constitution which enabled him to carry out prolonged researches.

During the First World War, as Chairman of the Industrial Fatigue Board, he worked for a time in a shell factory at Birmingham, and the daily shift of 13 hours, with a Sunday shift of 9 hours, did not, at the age of 57, tire him. From his early years he was short-sighted, but he often worked without spectacles.

The predominant notes of his character as a man were his humility and friendliness and the generosity with which he gave to others his advice and valuable time. An interesting feature of him is that he published, in 1925, a book of verse entitled The Assaying of Brabantius and other Verse, which caused one reviewer to hope that «Miss Sherrington» would publish more verse. He was also sensitive to the music of prose, and this and the poet in him, but also the biologist and philosopher, were evident in his Rede Lecture at Cambridge in 1933 on The Brain and its Mechanism, in which he denied our scientific right to join mental with physiological experience.

The philosopher in him ultimately found expression in his great book, Man on his Nature, which was the published title of the Gifford Lectures for 1937-1938, which Sherrington gave. As is well known, this book, published in 1940, centres round the life and views of the 16th century French physician Jean Fernel and round Sherrington's own views. In 1946 Sherrington published another volume entitled The Endeavour of Jean Fernel.

Sherrington was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society of London in 1893, where he gave the Croonian Lecture in 1897, and was awarded the Royal Medal in 1905 and the Copley Medal in 1927. In 1922 the Knight Grand Cross of the Order of the British Empire and in 1924 the Order of Merit were conferred upon him. He held honorary doctorates of the Universities of Oxford, London, Sheffield, Birmingham, Manchester, Liverpool, Wales, Edinburgh, Glasgow, Paris, Strasbourg, Louvain, Uppsala, Lyons, Budapest, Athens, Brussels, Berne, Toronto, Montreal, and Harvard.

As a boy and a young man Sherrington was a notable athlete both at Queen Elizabeth's School, Ipswich, where he went in 1871, and later at Gonville and Caius College, Cambridge, for which College he rowed and played rugby football; he was also a pioneer of winter sports at Grindelwald.

In 1892 Sherrington married Ethel Mary, daughter of John Ely Wright, of Preston Manor, Suffolk. After some years of frail health, during which, however, he remained mentally very alert, he died suddenly of heart failure at Eastbourne in 1952.
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另一篇：
Early years and education

Charles Scott Sherrington was born in Islington, London, England on 27 November 1857. Although official biographies claimed that he was the son of James Norton Sherrington, a country doctor, and his wife Anne Brookes, née Thurtell, Charles and his brothers, William and George, were in fact almost certainly the illegitimate sons of Anne Brookes Sherrington and Caleb Rose, an eminent Ipswich surgeon. Caleb's father, Caleb Burrell Rose, was indeed a country doctor (in Swaffham, Norfolk) and was also a well-known amateur geologist who published the first geological study of Norfolk. James Norton Sherrington, Anne Thurtell's first husband, was an ironmonger and artist's colourman in Great Yarmouth, not a doctor, and died in Yarmouth in 1848, nearly 9 years before Charles was born. The births of the three Sherrington boys do not appear to have been officially registered and their baptism records have not yet been identified, but in the 1861 census the elder two were listed in the household of their mother, Anne Sherrington (widow) at 14 College Terrace, Islington, identified as Charles Scott (boarder, 4, born India) and William Stainton (boarder, 2, born Liverpool), while Caleb Rose was listed a visitor and his 11-year-old son Edward Rose was also described as a boarder. On the night of the census Anne Sherrington must have been 4½ months pregnant with her third son, George, who was born in August 1861. During the 1860s the whole family moved to Anglesea Road, Ipswich, reputedly because London exacerbated Caleb Rose's tendency to asthma, and appeared in the census there in 1871, but Caleb and Anne were not actually married until the last quarter of 1880, following the death of Caleb's first wife, Isabella, in Edinburgh, Scotland, on 1 October 1880.

Caleb Rose was noteworthy as both a classical scholar and an archaeologist. At the family's Edgehill House in Ipswich one could find a fine selection of paintings, books, and geological specimens. Through Rose's interest in the English artists of the Norwich School, Sherrington gained a love of art. Intellectuals frequented the house regularly. It was this environment that fostered Sherrington's academic sense of wonder. Even before matriculation, the young Sherrington had read Johannes Müller's Elements of Physiology. The book was given to Sherrington by Caleb Rose.

Sherrington entered Ipswich School in 1871.Thomas Ashe, a famous English poet, worked at the school. Ashe served as an inspiration to Sherrington, the former instilling a love of classics and a desire to travel in the latter.

Rose had pushed Sherrington towards medicine. Sherrington first began to study with the Royal College of Surgeons of England. Sherrington also sought to study at Cambridge, but a bank failure had devastated the family's finances. Sherrington elected to enroll at St Thomas' Hospital in September 1876 as a "perpetual pupil".He did so in order to allow his two younger brothers to do so ahead of him. The two studied law there. Medical studies at St. Thomas's Hospital were intertwined with studies at Gonville and Caius College, Cambridge.Physiology was Sherrington's chosen major at Cambridge. There, he studied under the "father of British physiology," Sir Michael Foster.

Sherrington played football for his grammar school, and for Ipswich Town Football Club, rugby St. Thomas's, was on the rowing team at Oxford. During June 1875, Sherrington passed his preliminary examination in general education at the Royal College. This preliminary exam was required for Fellowship, and also exempted him from a similar exam for the Membership. In April 1878, he passed his Primary Examination for the Membership of the Royal College of Surgeons, and 12 months later the Primary for Fellowship.

In October 1879, Sherrington entered Cambridge as a non-collegiate student. The following year he entered Gonville and Caius College. Sherrington was quite the student. Walter Holbrook Gaskell, one of Sherrington's tutors, informed him in November 1881 that he had earned the highest marks for his year in botany, human anatomy, and physiology; second in zoology; and highest overall. John Newport Langley was Sherrington's other tutor. The two were interested in how anatomical structure is expressed in physiological function.

Sherrington earned his Membership of the Royal College of Surgeons on 4 August 1884. In 1885, he obtained a First Class in the National Science Tripos with the mark of distinction. In the same year, Sherrington earned the degree of M.B., Bachelor of Medicine and Surgery from Cambridge. In 1886, Sherrington added the title of L.R.C.P., Licentiate of the Royal College of Physicians.
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1932年得诺奖的可没有第二个谢灵顿。可见除了名字和获诺贝尔奖是真的其它都是胡说八道。倒是挺会偷换概念，说：“这个神话又是完全真实的。关于他的成就的介绍，是国内外专家们逐字逐句斟酌敲定的，刊印在《辞海》上的。”——他的成就是国内外专家们逐字逐句斟酌敲定印在《辞海》上的没错，构成这个“神话”的其它部分呢？是谁闭着眼睛瞎编的？这样不负责任的大嘴作者能教育别人吗？

谢林顿

查尔斯·斯科特·谢灵顿
不过故事事实不是你说的哪样噢 楼上那位老师回答的很专业

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泽普县15211911684： 英国生物学家谢灵顿,可以说是被自尊挽救过来的一位名家.年轻时的谢灵顿曾经是伦敦有名的“文盲加流氓”式的人物,但当他向一位挤奶女工求爱大遭... - ？
庾国同笑：[答案] 知耻,是自尊的重要表现.唯有知耻,才有自尊.如果一个人对自已不恰当、不合适的行为不知道惭愧,不感到难为情,那就是不知羞耻,这样的人永远不会有自尊.

泽普县15211911684： 居里夫人200字简介333 - ？
庾国同笑： 居里夫人(1867—1934)法国物理学家、化学家.原籍波兰,原名玛丽亚·斯可罗多夫斯卡.巴黎大学理学博士.1895年与皮埃尔·居里结婚.他们共同就贝可勒尔在当时首先发现的放射性现象进行研究,先...

泽普县15211911684： 史上最年轻的诺贝尔获得者是谁?在哪一年? - ？
庾国同笑： 1915年,布拉格父子两个人共享诺贝尔奖,做儿子的是威廉・劳伦斯・布拉格,他居然把他的父亲的错误找出来了纠正了错误,两个人一起拿诺贝尔奖,他拿到诺贝尔奖...

泽普县15211911684： 理查德·亨德森的故事 - ？
庾国同笑： 理查德·亨德森(Richard Henderson),男,1945年出生于苏格兰爱丁堡,1962-1966在爱丁堡大学获得物理学学士学位. 1969年取得英国剑桥大学博士学位.分子生物学家和生物物理学家,电子显微镜领域的开创者之一.现为英国剑桥大学...

泽普县15211911684： 英国科学家安德烈·海姆曾印在石墨烯材料方面研究,而获诺贝尔物理学奖.其实海姆制成石墨烯的方法并非什么高科技,就是用胶带从事抹上站下薄片,在... - ？
庾国同笑：[答案] 我只想引用爱迪生的一句原话“天才就是百分之九十九的汗水加百分之一的灵感,但那百分之一的灵感是最重要”.

泽普县15211911684： 居里夫人的事迹介绍(短的) - ？
庾国同笑：居里夫人1867年11月7日出生于波兰华沙市,当时波兰正在俄国统治之下.玛丽的父母都是教师,在她出生(她是他们的第五个孩子)后不久他们就失去了教师职位.为了糊口,他们包下了一些...

泽普县15211911684： 诺贝尔生平简介不超过100个字 - ？
庾国同笑：[答案] 诺贝尔全称:阿尔弗雷德·贝恩哈德·诺贝尔 瑞典化学家、工程师和实业家,诺贝尔奖金的创立人. 1833年10月21日出生于斯德哥尔摩.母亲是以发现淋巴管而成为著名的瑞典博物学家.鲁德贝克的后裔.他从父亲伊曼纽尔·诺贝尔那里学习了工程学...

泽普县15211911684： 19年诺贝尔化学奖(近三年诺贝尔化学奖获得者) ？
庾国同笑： 一、问:19年诺贝尔化学奖? 答:2019年诺贝尔化学奖授予约翰·B·古迪纳夫、M·斯坦利·威廷汉和吉野彰.获奖原因:在锂离子电池研发领域的贡献.二、获奖人介...

泽普县15211911684： 谁了解约翰 艾克理? - ？
庾国同笑： 1963年英国科学家约翰艾克理教授因研究灵魂存在及轮回的论文而获诺贝尔医学奖.自古以来,大宗62616964757a686964616fe59b9ee7ad9431333233656462教家、大哲学家等大多都坚信灵魂的存在和不灭.例如犹太族的摩西、耶稣,阿拉...