关于英语语言学的论文

好心人帮忙写一篇关于 英语语言学 的论文（英语）。~

How to improve your English in full detail (my experience) The Third Edition
To be good at English is not particularly easy but not terribly hard either.

Before you start to learn sentences, or new words, the first and also the most important step is the "pronunciation". To pronounce perfectly you should buy a tape to assist you to learn and practise. This is the fundamental step to learn English, ignore or pay no attention to this step; you will not learn proper English and you will find the later steps more and more difficult. If you are solid and accurate in pronunciation, you will find the later steps much easier and you will stand firmly on the right track.

After mastering the pronunciation perfectly, it is the time to accumulate new words and useful expressions. Of course start from the simplest words like “hello, hi, you, me, he, him, his, her”, etc.... and expressions like “how are you, how old are you, how do you do”, etc.......... It is essential to write the words on a piece of paper so that you remember them well. Actually everyone had done these at his/her primary school.

语言学可以写的内容很多。基本上不外乎以下一些：
一，语音类
如语音的属性、音韵与语音的关系、强弱、轻浊、音节等
二，词汇类
如词汇形态学，语义学，构词，词化，语义场等等
三，语法类
如语法结构，层次，修辞等
四，句子类
如分析句子的各种成分，语序，基本句型等
五，语篇类
如连贯性，思维逻辑性，结构修辞，主体与客体意识等
这方面的教材很多，就看你的要求了。现在英语与汉语的对比语言学和对比文学比较热，从这方面下手也不错。

Second Language Vocabulary Acquisition Strategies
二语词汇习得策略
[摘 要] 词汇是构成语言的基本单位，词汇习得在语言学习中占有重要地位。
英国著名语言学家D.A. Wilkins (1972) 说过：“没有语法，人们不能表达很多东西；而没有词汇，人们则无法表达任何东西。”这就说明了词汇在学习中的重要性。本文旨在分析二语词汇习得策略并应用于不同水平的学习者。学习者根据自己的水平选择正确的习得方法和策略学习词汇，从而提高学习效率和习得效果。
关键字： 二语词汇习得 词汇习得策略 元认知策略 认知策略

Abstract
Vocabulary is the basic unit of a language. Language acquisition plays an important role in language learning. Famous linguistics D. A. Wilkins said, “Without grammar, very little can be conveyed, without vocabulary, nothing can be conveyed (Lewis, 1993:16).” It speaks volumes for the importance of vocabulary in language learning. This paper aims to analysis the second language acquisition strategies and applies to different levels of learners. According to the different levels, the learners should choose the proper methods and strategies to promote learning efficiency and acquisition effect.
Key words: Second Language Vocabulary Acquisition； Vocabulary
Acquisition Strategies； Metacognitive strategy； Cognitive strategy

Introduction
With economic globalization and multi-polarization of the world, especially the population of the internet, English becomes more and more important, because it is considered as the tool for absorbing and communicating information. As we all known, vocabulary acquisition is one of the most noticed-question of the second language learners. “Vocabulary” appears in the area of linguists’ study. Nowadays, researchers still can not give a complete and reasonable definition of vocabulary. Since 1970s, the second language vocabulary acquisition research has gradually become the hot point and important subject in the second language vocabulary acquisition research area. These researches aim to discuss the efficiency vocabulary memory strategies to promote the memory skills and vocabulary levels. Then how to acquire vocabulary become popular among the researchers. Wenden &Rubin (1987), O’Malley& Chamot (1990) refer to the content of vocabulary acquisition strategies; Rubin (1987) and Oxford (1990) classify the memory strategy to the direct cognitive strategies. Especially, CohenAphek (1981), Porte (1988), O’Malley (1990), Vann (90), Cohen (1990), etc made a basic searching of vocabulary acquisition. In a word, there are various opinions in how to acquire vocabulary. Firstly, it talks about the importance of vocabulary. Secondly, what does it mean to “acquire” a word? This paper mainly aims to the detail analysis of the vocabulary acquisition from three aspects：Meta-cognitive Strategy; Cognitive Strategy and Social or Affective Strategy. Especially, it highlights the effect of the context and rending to vocabulary acquisition. This paper talks about the applications of the vocabulary acquisition strategies. And it puts forward some problems and difficulties of vocabulary acquisition. This paper also discusses the influencing factors to the acquisition. It includes the mother tongue, age, language contact, logical thinking ability, identity degree, and academic motivation .
The purpose of this paper is to rise the awareness of English learners that the importance of vocabulary in language learning and the vocabulary acquisition strategies can not be neglected, and each strategies is deeply rooted in its language. Through the analysis of the theory of study, the paper tries to draw the learner’s attention to the strategies of the second language vocabulary acquisition and using the vocabulary in communication. In order to improve the acquisition efficiency, some strategies put into practice are introduced.
The first presents the importance of vocabulary, some basic concepts of vocabulary and vocabulary learning, the second part tells what does it mean to know a word, the third part deals with the theory of vocabulary acquisition and presents the factors and differences influencing the vocabulary acquisition. The fourth part is detailed discussion of vocabulary acquisition strategies in different levels of learners. The last part is conclusion.

Literature review
1. The importance of vocabulary
As the first time, when we go to school and our English teacher will tell us that vocabulary is of great importance in learning English. After several years, we understand words gradually, especially when we study in high school. If we know a little about vocabulary, we may have poor English. That is because the listening, speaking, reading and writing show the necessary of learning vocabulary.
Many researchers agree that lexis is at least as important as structure, because it is using wrong words and not wrong grammar that usually breaks down communication. Mistakes in lexis much more often lead to misunderstanding and may be less generously tolerated outside classroom than mistakes in syntax. (Carter, 1987). As Stephen Krashen remarked, “When students travel, they don’t carry grammar books, they carry dictionaries.
A significant role of vocabulary in both teaching and learning processes was first stated by Stephen Krashen in The Natural Approach (1985):
“Vocabulary is basic for communication. If acquirers do not recognize the meaning of the key words used by those who address them they will be unable to participate in the conversation.”
Words are basic tools in human communication; therefore they determine the main part of people’s life-relationships between people and associations with the surrounding world that people live in. The larger one’s vocabulary, the easier it is to express one’s thoughts and feelings.
In real communication, correctly and idiomatically used vocabulary can even decrease some structural inaccuracy and grammar errors. (Zhang Jiying, 2002). So learners should enrich and expand their knowledge of words as much as possible in order to communicate effectively in a foreign language.
2. What does it mean to “know” a word?
Knowing a word is not a simple phenomenon. In fact, it is quite complex and goes far beyond the word’s meaning and pronunciation. (Zhang Jiying, 2002). Richards (1976) think knowing a word means also knowing the frequency of words and their likely collocates; being aware of the functional and situation limitations that apply; knowledge of the “syntactic behavior”; derivational forms and word class; associative and connotative knowledge; semantic value-breaking down words into minimal units as with componential analysis (see Katz&Fodor1963or Leech1974); knowing the other (possible) meaning associated. Nagy and Scott (2000) identify several dimensions that describe the complexity of what it means to know a word. First, word knowledge is incremental, which means that readers need to have many exposures to a word in different contexts before they “know” it. Second, word knowledge is multidimensional. This is because many words have multiple meanings and serve different functions in different function in different sentences, texts, and even conversations. Third, word knowledge is interrelated in that knowledge of one word connects knowledge of other words.
What all of this means is that “knowing” a word is a matter of degree rather than an all-or-nothing proposition (Beck&Mckeown, 1991; Nagy&Scott, 2000). The degree of knowing a word are reflected in the precision with which we use a word, how quickly we understand a word, and how well we understand and use words in different modes and different purpose.
The memory strategy, cognitive strategy, social strategy and metacognitve strategy are used more frequently than the affective strategy and compensative strategy.

Conclusion
This paper has attempted to provide some theories of second language vocabulary acquisition and some strategies. Such as metacognitive strategy, cognitive strategy, and social strategy. However, this paper also put forward some microcosmic strategy. As a matter of fact, vocabulary acquisition should combine the context. In addition, this paper hasn’t mentioned that culture is also an important factor in vocabulary acquisition. In the study of second language vocabulary acquisition, we should pay attention to the process and the acquiring results. This paper focuses on the study of the second language vocabulary acquisition strategies.

Bibliography
[1] A.U. Chamot. The Learning Strategies of ESL Students. In A. L. Wenden & J.
Rubin, (eds), Learner Strategies in Language Learning, 1987.
[2] Cater. R. and M. McCarthy. Vocabulary and Language Teaching. New York:
Longman, 1987.
[3] Nation, L. S. P. Teaching and Learning Vocabulary. New Newbury House
Publishers, 1990.
[4] O’Malley, J. & Chamot, A. U.. Learning Strategies in Second Language
Acquisition [J]. Cambridge University Press, 1990:12-15.
[5] 陈桦，张益芳.中国儿童英语词汇记忆策略探究[J].外语学刊,2001(4). [11] 戴曼纯. 论第二语言词汇习得研究[J]. 外语教学与研究，2002(2). [12] 徐德凯.大学英语词汇教学理论与实践[M].长春：吉林出版集团有限责
任公司，2009.
[6] 王文宇.观念、策略与英语词汇记忆[J].外语教学与研究，1998(1). [13] 文秋芳. 英语学习策略论.上海：上海外语教育出版社，1996.
[7] 吴霞，王蔷.非英语专业本科生词汇水平研究. 外语教学与研究，1998(1). [15] 张纪英.英语词汇学教学与研究[M]. 武汉：华中科技大学出版社,2007. [16] 朱厚敏. 英语词汇学习策略研究[M] 长春：吉林大学出版社，2009.

关于英语语言学的论文，论文题目和主要内容已列出，供参考。链接附后
1.题目：语言学英文版论文。
主要内容：该论文主要讲词汇是构成语言的基本单位，词汇习得在语言学习中占有重要地位。英国著名语言学家D.A. Wilkins (1972) 说过：“没有语法，人们不能表达很多东西；而没有词汇，人们则无法表达任何东西。”这就说明了词汇在学习中的重要性。本文旨在分析二语词汇习得策略并应用于不同水平的学习者。学习者根据自己的水平选择正确的习得方法和策略学习词汇，从而提高学习效率和习得效果。
http://wenku.baidu.com/link?url=SXkEsiMcpfqhM3IdT5ZZ97aNTmwfO_74dvJoNSWoCp2FIyudzpd1uBSgh2ccFJS6RN7xNBPb9WFk_matYEwCRT0EMxynK7D_vYN7D59Og5G
2.题目：.英语专业毕业论文(语言学)——谈判英语文化差异。
主要内容：该论文主要讲国际商务谈判中文化差异的影响，就是汉语习惯思维和西方语言文化之间表达的准确性对商务谈判带来的影响。
http://wenku.baidu.com/view/ef2d20e09b89680203d825be.html
4.题目：外国语言学及应用语言学硕士论文：商务英语信函的词汇特点研究，
主要内容：
商务英语信函词汇的选择和应用多呈现如下7种特点：
1)简单词汇的选择。
2)具体词汇多于笼统词汇。
3)褒义词多于贬义词。
4)缩写词的选择。
5)确切词汇多于模糊词汇。
6)礼貌、客气的词汇多于不礼貌的词汇。
7)商业术语的选择。产生的原因多取决于商务活动的和商业伙伴的合作关系。商务活动的双方均为达至双赢的进行合作。这是本文所分析的词汇特点产生的主要原因。
http://wenku.baidu.com/view/25dbb6f6f61fb7360b4c6525.html

像语音学，音位学，以及形态学，句法都不好下手
建议写社会语言学或是心理语言学方面的，可以深入对比一下中西方思维的差异之类的，应该是一个好的论点
加油~~

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延长县17879221224： 英语语言学论文我现在需要一篇语言学的论文,中文可以,题目是morphological knowledge and language learning就是关于形态法的知识,格式要求:摘... - ？
澄哪新亚：[答案] 转摘More and more scholars are now showing an interest in adopting linguistic approaches to translation studies. Between 1949 and 1989, an incomplete survey by the author revealed that there were only...

延长县17879221224： 英语语言学毕业论文可以写哪些方面,谢绝广告 - ？
澄哪新亚： 可以写语用学的.Pragmatics,这是近些年语言学研究的热门,因为它是应用语言学.

延长县17879221224： 英语专业语言学论文怎么写？
澄哪新亚： 你先选话题吧,认知是现在中国研究比较热门的,如象似性,概念隐喻等,可以进行中英文对比,但是落脚点要选好,你选好话题了,可以再找我,我对这个有点了解

延长县17879221224： 英语语言学论文 - ？
澄哪新亚： 语言学可以写的内容很多.基本上不外乎以下一些:一,语音类 如语音的属性、音韵与语音的关系、强弱、轻浊、音节等 二,词汇类 如词汇形态学,语义学,构词,词化,语义场等等 三,语法类 如语法结构,层次,修辞等 四,句子类 如分析句子的各种成分,语序,基本句型等 五,语篇类 如连贯性,思维逻辑性,结构修辞,主体与客体意识等 这方面的教材很多,就看你的要求了.现在英语与汉语的对比语言学和对比文学比较热,从这方面下手也不错.

延长县17879221224： 关于英语语言学论文有哪些常见的题目啊 - ？
澄哪新亚： 1. 中西语言方式对比2. 词汇学3. 近代英语语言的衍变 大概就这几类了,论文么,跳不出这圈了.要想写点有新意的东西那可真需要点不同的眼光和能力了.祝好运.

延长县17879221224： 英语语言学论文怎么写啊? - ？
澄哪新亚： 先找范文,英语如今在网络上很常见,可以以网络为研究对象,具体看其中不同行业使用的英语词汇,如流行音乐,房地产,网络游戏等.需要上一些国外的网站,也可以同老外网聊,收集信息或调查. 还可以比较一下中文和英文的语法差异,对中国人学英语碰到的问题做一些调查,提出建议.总之如果是大学本科水平的论文,理论上不可能有什么大的突破,只能在实地调查,或是反映一定问题上下功夫,英语的语言学研究都多少年了,能探讨的理论都有了恨深的研究,所以还是从实际出发,那就天地广阔了.

延长县17879221224： 英语语言学方向的论文有什么好的题目参考一下?急 - ？
澄哪新亚： Differences and future development on British English and America English 英国英语与美国英语的差异及未来发展 A Preliminary Discussion on Language in Cross-Cultural Communication浅谈跨文化交际语言 A Preliminary Discussion on Differences of Chinese and Western Languages 浅谈中西方语言差异

延长县17879221224： 英语语言学论文如何写 - ？
澄哪新亚： 既然有了一个理论,你要做的可以是三选一:1. 论证这个理论,即用这部电影作为论据阐述这个“言语行为理论”.你需要做的是将电影中的言语素材组织起来,根据这个理论进行分析(注意不要被别人指出你是“断章取义”).分析的方式有...

延长县17879221224： 请帮忙指导写关于英语语言学方面的硕士论文? - ？
澄哪新亚： 我的毕业论文是一个星期写好的,那个星期几乎就没怎么睡,瘦了4斤,最后论文还是优秀.如果你英语基础比较好的话,写起来就很简单.我说说我写论文的经验吧.先是找一个比较创新的话题,要有新意.有新意的话,比较容易通过,而且...

延长县17879221224： 英语专业语言学论文怎么写 - ？
澄哪新亚： 语言学可以有好多的方面可以写呢 个人建议写单词的构造 那个有好多的例子 资料比较好找呢 还可以写语言和文化方面的也可以 资料容易找 主要还要和导师商量吧 呵呵 多去图书馆找找资料和网络的资料哦 导师的意见也很重的偶 抓住你好运