谁精通高中定语从句的帮忙一下几道题

谁精通高中定语从句的帮忙一下几道题~

1固定搭配be writtten for sb. 为某人而写。先行词表示人，故用who或whom,因在句中作宾语，故用whom.所以选A。
2.固定搭配work with sb.故选B
3.从句中，forget缺少宾语，即the day.故应该填 which，that或省略。则应选A。

注：关系副词（在句中作状语）
关系副词=介词+关系代词
why=for which
where=in/ at/ on/ ... which (介词同先行词搭配)
when=during/ on/ in/ ... which (介词同先行词搭配)
where是关系副词，用来表示地点的定语从句。

例 This is the house in which I lived two years ago.
This is the house where I lived two years ago.
Do you remember the day on which you joined our club?
Do you remember the day when you joined our club?
This is the reason why he came late.
This is the reason for which he came late.

希望那个你能明白！

1.D 应该是with which吧
2.C
3.E
4.B

虽然说有好久没学了，不过还是记得一点，说说我的理解。
首先来说，定语从句，是修饰主句中的先行词的，那么主句和从句都必须是完整的句子，这是一定的。然后对于从句来说，缺成分（如宾语、主语等）的时候用关系代词，不缺成分的时候用关系副词。掌握了基本的大原则再记住一些个别的固定用法，就可以学好了。下面来具体分析每个句子。
1.首先来说，这个从句中是不缺成分的，you can get such wonderful food可以作为完整的句子，因此此时连接词要用副词而不是代词。
2.这一句缺的宾语是主句的宾语。read可以做及物也可以做不及物，而就算有that，也是作为连接词在此句中充当从句中可有可无的宾语，更关键的是主句成分的残缺，需要the one来做be different from的宾语，然后把that省略了。
3.也是考虑从句是否缺成分的问题。和1基本相同，只是说这句中用的是介词加which的形式做副词。此句还考了个by this/that time的搭配，所以是选D。
4.这句就涉及到一个固定的用法的问题了，我记得是在one of the sth.修饰的先行词后面，有固定的介词，不过我忘记了，不好意思，这个记住就行了。基本的判断先行词的方法就是看句意和从句跟的位置，这句话中也能够清楚的看出来是指one sells well还是the magazines sell well，如果是要修饰one的话，不仅句意会有变化，更重要的是从句的位置也将会跟在one后面。中心词是被定语修饰的词，先行词是被定语从句修饰的词，一个中心词要是由定从修饰，那它就是先行词了。

第四题的答案应该就如51072219900323所说，用that，固定搭配的问题，语言学语法就是这样的，规定了就没什么理由了。
第三题里面，短语有on time和by the time，没有on the time，on time是按时，准时的意思，而by the time是到……时候为止，这里的句意是说“到5:30 pm这个时候为止我才能做完我所有的工作”，因此是用by the time的词组。
第一题，对于一个句子的完整，是指主谓宾（不及物动词可不带宾）或者主系表的完整，定语和状语都是句子的修饰成分，缺了以后对句子不影响。因此说缺主宾语的时候用关系代词，缺状语的时候用关系副词。

1题； 关系代词做宾语，关系副词作状语，句中有宾语就该用where。句子必须有主谓宾或者主系表才算完整。状语是可有可无的成分，从句中就能知道是这个意思据不必再添状语了。2题；缺少宾语，但that which都不能用，因为没有先行词，It更不能用，one指代book.3题；by the time 是到将来某个时候为止的意思。句中有will故不能选C.4题；用that是个规定，先行词被only 或序数词等修饰就只能用that.这可查阅语法手册。中心词就是其他词都为表现这个词的词语，如；old boy ，boy是中心词，old是为了表现年龄。

3.那个THE THAT 在句特指前面的THE BOOK ，宾语省略

一、定语从句，是修饰主句中的先行词的，那么主句和从句都必须是完整的句子，这是一定的。然后对于从句来说，缺成分（如宾语、主语、表语、定语等）的时候用关系代词，不缺成分的时候用关系副词（从句中作状语）。
二、先行词：被定语从句修饰的词称为先行词
（1）先行词一般是名词和不定代词，如:some-, any-, every-和no与-boy, -thing的合成词；或all、none、any、some、that、those等代词。数词也可以作先行词，人称代词也同样可作先行词。
Do you know everybody who came to the party?
（2）先行词与关系词是等量关系。必须注意两点：
①先行词在从句中作主语时，从句谓语动词的数由先行词而定。
This is the place which is worth visiting.
②关系词在从句句子中充当了成分，其意思就是先行词的意义，所以在从句中不能重复其意。
There are many places which we can visit them in China.（应将them 去掉）
三、关系词：引导定语从句的都称关系词
关系代词：who, whom, which, that, whose, as。
关系副词：when, where, why。that偶尔也作关系副词。
确定关系词的步骤
（1）先找关系词，看先行词指的是什么。
（2）看关系词在从句中所充当的成分。
This is the present that he gave me for my birthday.
I still remember the night when I first came to the village?
四、各个关系代词和关系副词的具体用法
1. who 指人，在定语从句中作主语。例如：
The person who broke the window must pay for it.
The boy who is wearing the black jacket is very clever.
2. whom指人，在定语从句中作宾语。例如：
Do you know the young man (whom) we met at the gate？
Mr Lee (whom) you want to see has come.
3. whose 指人，在定语从句中作定语。例如：
The girl whose mother is ill is staying at home today.
I know the boy whose father is a professor.
whose在以物为先行词时, 可用of which代替, 尤其是口语中。
The building whose roof we can see from here is a hotel.
= The building the roof of which we can see from here is a hotel.
4. which指物，在定语从中作主语或宾语。例如：
A dictionary is a book which gives the meaning of words.
Here is the book (which) the teacher mentioned yesterday.
5. that多指物，有时也指人，在定语从句中作主语或宾语。例如：
I’ve read the newspaper that(which) carries the important news.
Who is the person that is reading the newspaper over there?
6. when 指时间，在定语从句中作状语。例如：
I’ll never forget the time when we worked on the farm.
He arrived in Beijing on the day when I left.
7. where 指地点，在定语从句中作状语。例如：
This is the house where we lived last year.
The factory where his father works is in the east of the city.
8. 关系代词as, 在从句中作主语、宾语和表语。
（1）先行词被such和the same修饰，或句型as many（much）中，从句都用as 引导。
Such books as you bought are useful.
The school is just the same as it was 10 years age.
注意区别：
①such … that … 引导的结果状语从句。
They are such lovely children that we love them much.
②the same … that … 引导定语从句。
I want to use the same tool that you used just now.
（2）无先行词的定语从句用as和which引导。区别：
①意义上：as 含有“这点正如……一样”。 ②位置上：as 从句可置句首，也可在另处。
He didn’t pass the exam, as we had expected.
There is lots of air in loose snow, which can keep the cold out.
As is known, the earth is round, not flat.

关于介词的选用问题，首先应明白两个问题，一是介词与先行词的搭配，一个是介词在从句中同动词的搭配。

"介词+关系代词"引导的定语从句
1. 关系代词 whom， which 在定语从句中作介词宾语时，可以和介词一起放于先行词与定语从句之间，有时为了关系紧凑也可以将 whom 与 which 与先行词紧挨着书写，而将介词置于定语从句的后面，如：
That was the room in which we had lived for ten years.
= That was the room which we had lived in for ten years.
Who’s the man with whom you just shook hands?
=Who’s the man (that / whom) you just shook hands with?
但含有介词的短语动词一般不拆开,介词仍放在动词的后面。如:
This is the book (which / that) I’m looking for. 这就是我在找的那本书。
在这类定语从句中, 介词的选择一般根据动词的需要, 如上述几例, 者根据先行词来决定。如:
There is a mountain of which the top is always covered with snow. 有一座山顶总是覆盖着雪的山。
2. 关系副词与关系代词转换规律, 常见的有以下几种情况:
(1) where=in/on/at which 例:
This is the room where / in which he lives. 这是他住的房间。
I can see the playground where / on which they do sports. 我能看见他们进行运动的操场。
(2) when= on/in/at which 例:
I still remember the year when/ in which I joined the Party. 我仍然记得入党的那一年。
I still remember the day when/on which I joined the Party. 我仍然记得入党的那一天。
I still remember the hour when/at which the rocket was launched. 我仍然记得那个火箭发射的时刻。
(3) why=for which 例:
This is the reason why / for which he was killed. 这是他被杀害的原因。
3. 再看下面几种结构:
(1)介词+whose引导的定语从句
whose引导定语从句时, 可出现创新句型: 介词+whose引导定语从句。解这种定语从句时需弄清从句的动词与先行词、whose后边的名词及定语从句主语之间的关系, 并发挥合理想象, 不难发现其中正确的逻辑关系。例:
She is the girl to whose father I talked yesterday. 她就是昨天我和其父亲谈话的女孩。
He is the boy for whose boss I work. 他就是我为其老板打工的男孩。
(2)复杂介词+whom/which引导定语从句
I stay at the hotel at the back of which is a small garden. 我住在后面有一座花园的旅馆。
(3) 数词(不定量数词)/ 含所属关系名词+of whom/which引导定语从句。例:
She has many books, only one of which is interesting. 她有许多书, 只有一本是有趣的。

下面就以上几道题而言：
1.首先来说，这个从句中是不缺成分的，you can get such wonderful food可以作为完整的句子，因此此时连接词要用副词而不是代词。
常见结构：get sth from sb/someplace 因此，这里where=from which

2.这一句缺的宾语是主句的宾语。read可以做及物也可以做不及物，而就算有that，我们可以基于两种考虑：
1）把它当做宾语从句，that引导宾语从句，可以被省掉，它不在宾语从句中充当充当成分。
2）如果你认为它是一个可以由that引导的定语从句，请问它所修饰的先行词是什么呢？是from是different?先前说过，先行词即是名词或代词（在非限制性定语从句中，关系代词which/as还可以指代整个事件）
3）更关键的是主句成分的残缺，需要the one来做be different from的宾语，然后把that省略了。

这种题还有一种考法：
(1) Is this the boy _______ you want to talk to?
(2) Is this boy __________ you want to talk to?
在这两个句子中, (1)先还原为：this is the boy _____ you want to talk to. the boy 是先行词, 它在主句中是表语, 定语从句修饰的是主句的表语, 因此空格处应用whom, that(甚至who 也可以);
但(2)则不同,该句子只能还原为：this boy is _____ you want to talk to.
从结构上看, 这个主句不全, this boy是主语, is是系动词, 没有表语(先行词), 所以首先要补上先行词(名词或代词), 写成 this boy is the boy ______ you want to talk to? 这里boy重复, 用one代替, 然后再在空白处加上关系代词whom(who), 或that, 即是Is this boy the one whom (that) you want to talk to?

3、也是考虑从句是否缺成分的问题。和1基本相同，只是说这句中用的是介词加which的形式做副词。此句还考了个by this/that time的搭配，所以是选D。

4、此题涉及到定冠词的有无问题
有时定冠词在句中有决定性的作用。有无定冠词影响着定语从句的结构。如:
(1) This is one of the books that_______ (sell) well in the bookstore.
(2) This is the one of the books that _________ (sell) well in the bookstore.
sell取单数还是复数?分析: 在(1)中,that 引导的定语从句修饰的是the books, 而(2)中one前有了一个the, 句子重心前移, 这时从句修饰的是the one。因此(1)应用sell, (2)应用sells。如果one前也还有the only/right/very 修饰，也是用sells.

至于先行词与中心词，我们说先行词不等同于中心词，它们有很多重叠的地方。
如第四题，中心词为one,它被of the magazines限定了范围,of the magazines 作为后置定语，然而magazines 又作为先行词被一个定语从句所修饰。
He is a naughty boy that/who/whom/- I talked about to you.
此时先行词boy被a naughty 修饰，也被定语从句修饰，那么中心词boy亦即先行词。

怎么样，明白了吗？ Is Is

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