2020-06-22-TPO阅读-火星的流动水

~ 1.Photographic evidence suggests that liquid water once existed in great quantity on the surface of Mars.

火星上可能有大量水。而且有两种flow features： runoff channels and outflow channels.

这些 flow features各种交错等等。最终都是 要表明火星可能有大量水

speak of a time （讲述了。。的时期）

2.介绍outflow

Outflow channels are probably relics of catastrophic flooding on Mars long ago.

Instead, they are probably the paths taken by huge volumes of water draining from the southern highlands into the northern plains.

outflow是一种洪灾catastrophic flooding的遗迹。外流通道是一种大体积的水从南部高地排到drain平原这样。

3.第三段还是在说火星有水。证明论点有两个。

Some scientists speculate that Mars may have enjoyed an extended early Period during which rivers, lakes, and perhaps even oceans adorned装饰 its surface. 

第三段还是在说火星有水。证明论点有两个：image shows what mission specialists think may be a delta-a fan-shaped network of channels and sediments

论点1： 冲积扇-沉积物这种形状

view of the Martian north polar region shows the extent of what may have been an ancient ocean covering much of the northern lowlands.

论点2：view of the Martian north polar region

极地的地区形状

4.第四段说其实还是存在争论。前面的等于白说

These ideas remain controversial.

分两方面：

1.Proponents支持者说根据一些feature terraced （阶梯状）"beaches"可以猜测到有水

2.detractors批评者说这些terrace是因为 geological activity地质活动形成的

但是最后还是说However, more recent data imply that at least some parts of the planet did in fact experience long periods in the past during which liquid water existed on the surface.可能存在的

5.除了发现一些small-scal的channels之外，至今还是没有定论。然鹅，各种outflow还是说明有水。The answer may be 实际上还是可能锁在冻土层中

Aside from some small-scale gullies (channels) found since 2000, which are inconclusive, astronomers have no direct evidence for liquid water anywhere on the surface of Mars today。然鹅Yet even setting aside the unproven hints of ancient oceans, the extent of the outflow channels suggests that a huge total volume of water existed on Mars in the past. The answer may be。。。

virtually 实际上。 is now locked in the permafrost layer under the surface,

ETS的套路6：

The onrushing water arising from these flash floods likely also formed the odd teardrop-shaped "islands" (resembling the miniature versions seen in the wet sand of our beaches at low tide) that have been found on the plains close to the ends of the outflow channels. 

出题出了According to paragraph 2, all of the following are true of the outflow channels on Mars EXCEPT:

C. They sometimes empty onto what appear to have once been the wet sands of tidal beaches.

要注意这里是一个类比，而不是真的就是这样的，考点在于狸猫换太子

Furthermore, Mars Global Surveyor data released in 2003 seem to indicate that the Martian surface contains too few carbonate rock layers-layers containing compounds of carbon and oxygen-that should have been formed in abundance in an ancient ocean. Their absence supports the picture of a cold, dry Mars that never experienced the extended mild period required to form lakes and oceans. 

这段的考点在于反推cold dry的climate

B. The climate of Mars may not have been suitable for the formation of large bodies of water.

火星气候不合适大量水的形成

These landscape features differ from runoff channels in a number of ways.

in a number of ways.这里提示是一个总结性的句子，所以要放在前面。

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