请问这种单词书中 "+(that)/wh-从句” 是什么意思?
也就是说inform sb. 后接that从句或者wh（when,why ,who,where以wh开头的）从句
通知某人（某事、某情况等）.....的含义
在英语中 简单的说：
当一个句子充当句中的成分时,就叫做该成分的从句.
比如一个句子做主语,那么就叫主语从句；
比如一个句子做宾语,那么就叫宾语从句；
比如一个句子做定语,那么就叫定语从句；
比如一个句子做状语,那么就叫状语从句；
比如一个句子做表语,那么就叫表语从句；
比如一个句子做同位语,那么就叫同位语从句 句子成分(主谓宾定状补)通常都是单词,这样的句子叫简单句.
如果句子里用另外一个句子做句子成分,那就是一个复杂句,而做成分的句子就叫做从句.
i saw him.这里主谓宾都是单词,是简单句
i saw that he was singing.
主句是I 谓语是saw 宾语是"that he was singing."这个句子,而这个句子就叫宾语从句.
与这个相似的还有,主语从句,定语从句,表语从句,状语从句等.
另外to normanjl:不要误导呀,从句是充当句子成分,而不是修饰句子成分.比如主语从句,宾语从句,同位语从句,表语从句.都不起修饰的作用.只有定语从句和状语从句才起修饰句子成分或句子的作用.
从句不能单独成立的说法也是错的,从句自己就是一个完整的句子.去掉导引词后是完全可以单独成立的.甚至有的从句根本就没有引导词. 宾语从句 用一个句子作宾语就是宾语从句.
如：Nobody knew （whether he could pass the exam.） 没有人知道他是否会通过考试.
He told me （that he would go to college the next year.） 他告诉我他明年上大学.
Do you know （who has won Red Alert game?） 你知道是谁赢得了红色警戒的游戏么?
He didn’t tell me （when we should meet again. ）他没有告诉我什么时候我们能再见面.
括号括着的都是宾语从句 定语从句 what 不能引导定语从句,可引导主语从句,表语从句,宾语从句; it 只是个代词,不能引导从句.
where（先行词是地点）:I live in a beautiful city where I was born.
which（先行词是物）:I live in a beautiful city in which I was born.
where = 介词+ which
that（先行词是人或物）:I live in leshan that(可用which) is a beautiful city.
who（先行词是人,做从句的主语或宾语）:I know this man who(可用that) are standing under the tree.
whom（先行词是人,做从句宾语）：I know this man whom the manager fired yesterday. 主语从句 在复合句中充当主语的句子叫做主语从句.
It is certain that he will win the match.
Whom we must study for is a question of great importance 状语从句 状语从句
（Adverbial Clause）
一 状语从句的种类
§ 1状语从句的种类
用来修饰谓语动词、其它动词、定语、状语或整个句子的从句叫做状语从句.状语从句可分为：
1.时间状语从句；(adverbial clause of time)
2.地点状语从句；(adverbial clause of place)
3.原因状语从句；(adverbial clause of cause)
4.条件状语从句；(adverbial clause of condition)
5.目的状语从句；(adverbial clause of purpose)
6.让步状语从句；(adverbial clause of concession)
7.比较状语从句；(adverbial clause of comparison)
8.程度状语从句；(adverbial clause of degree)
9.方式状语从句；(adverbial clause of manner)
10.结果状语从句.(adverbial clause of result)
§2状语从句的时态特点
一般情况下,时间和条件状语从句的谓语动词一般用“一般现在时”表示“一般将来时”,用“现在完成时”表示“将来完成时”.例如：
I will call you as soon as I arrive in Beijing. 我一到北京就给你打电话.（这是由as soon as引导的时间状语从句,从句中的谓语动词arrive是一般现在时,表示一般将来时,决不可用will arrive）
As soon as I have finished this work, I will go home. 我一完成此工作,就回家.（从句中的谓语动词用现在完成时have finished,表示将来完成时,决不可用will have finished）
If he comes back, please let me know.如果他回来了,请通知我.（从句中的谓语动词用comes back,表示一般将来时,决不可用will come back）
二 时间状语从句
§3时间状语从句（adverbial clause of time）
1.由when, while, as引导的时间状语从句.例如：
When you think you know nothing, then you begin to know something.当你以为自己一无所知的时候,你就是在开始知道一些事物了.
When truth is buried under the ground it grows, it chokes, it gathers such an explosive force that on the day it bursts out , it blows up everything with it.当真理被埋在地下的时候,它在生长,它感到压抑,它蓄存着这么一种爆炸性力量,一旦冒出,它就会炸破一切!
Strike while the iron is hot. 趁热打铁.
Will you watch my clothes while I have a swim. 我游泳的时候,请你照看一下我的衣服.
You can feel the air moving as your hand pushes through it. 当你的手在空气中挥动的时候,你就能感觉到空气在流动.
Our headmaster laughed as she spoke.我们的校长边谈边笑.
【区别】when, while和as的区别：when引导的从句的谓语动词可以是延续性的动词,又可以是瞬时动词.并且when有时表示“就在那时”.例如：
When she came in, I stopped eating.她进来时,我在吃饭.(瞬时动词)
When I lived in the countryside, I used to carry some water for him.当的住在农村时,我常常为他担水.（延续性的动词）
We were about to leave when he came in.我们就要离开,就在那时他进来了.
While引导的从句的谓语动作必须是延续性的,并强调主句和从句的动作同时发生（或者相对应）.并且while有时还可以表示对比.例如：
While my wife was reading the newspaper, I was watching TV. (was reading是延续性的动词,was reading和was watching同时发生)
I like playing football while you like playing basketball.我喜欢踢足球,而你喜欢打篮球.（对比）
As表示“一边……一边”,as引导的动作是延续性的动作,一般用于主句和从句动作同时发生；as也可以强调“一先一后.例如：
We always sing as we walk.我们总是边走边唱.（as表示“一边……一边”）
As we was going out, it began to snow.当我们出门时,开始下雪了.（as强调句中两个动作紧接着先后发生,而不强调开始下雪的特定时间）
2.由before和after引导的时间状语从句.注意before引导的从句不再用否定式的谓语,并且当before引导的从句位于主句之后,有时译成“就,才”.还要注意主句和从句之间的时间关系.当主句用将来时,从句总是用现在时；如果before引导的从句谓语用的是过去时,则主句动词多用过去完成时,这样以便体现动作发生的先后.After表示主句动作发生在从句动作之后.主句和从句的动作的时间关系正好与before引导的从句相反.例如：
It will be four days before they come back. 他们要过四天才能回来.
Einstein almost knocked me down before he saw me.爱因斯坦几乎把我撞倒才看到我.
My father had left for Canada just before the letter arrived.我父亲恰好在信到之前去加拿大了.
They had not been married four months before they were divorced. 他们结婚还不到四个月就离婚了.
After you think it over, please let me know what you decide.你仔细考虑过以后,告诉我你是怎样决定的.
After we had finished the work, we went home.完成工作之后,我们回家了.（从句用过去完成时,主句用一般过去时）
3.由till或until引导的时间状语从句.till和until一般情况下两者可以互换,但是在强调句型中多用until.并且要注意的是：如果主句中的谓语动词是瞬时动词时,必须用否定形式；如果主句中的谓语动词是延续性动词时,用肯定或否定形式都可以,但表达的意思不同.例如：
I didn't go to bed until（till） my father came back.直到我父亲回来我才上床睡觉.
It was not until the meeting was over that he began to teach me English.直到散会之后他才开始教我英语.
I worked until he came back.我工作到他回来为止.
I didn't work until he came back.他回来我这才开始工作.
Please wait until I arrived.在我到达之前请等我.
4.由since引导的时间状语从句. since引导的从句的谓语动词可以是延续性的动词,又可以是瞬时动词.一般情况下,从句谓语动词用一般过去时,而主句的谓语动词用现在完成时.但在It is ＋时间＋since从句的句型中,主句多用一般现在时.例如：
I have been in Beijing since you left. 自从你离开以来,我一直在北京了.
Where have you been since I last saw you? 自上次我和你见面以后,你到哪里去了?
It is four years since my sister lived in Beijing. 我妹妹不在北京住有四年了.
It is five months since our boss was in Beijing.我们老板离开北京有五个月了.
5.由as soon as, immediately, directly, instantly, the moment, the instant, the minute, 等引导的时间状语从句.这些连词都表示“一……就”.例如：
I will go there directly I have finished my breakfast. 吃完早饭,我立即到那里去.
The moment I heard the news, I hastened to the spot.我一听到消息,马上赶到了出事地点.
As soon as I reach Canada, I will ring you up. 我一到加拿大,就给你来电话.
【注意】hardly(scarcely, rarely)…when / before, no sooner…than相当于as soon as之意.主句用过去完成时,从句用一般过去时.当hardly, scarcely, rarely和no sooner位于句首时,主句应用倒装语序.例如：
He had no sooner arrived home than he was asked to start on another journey. 他刚到家,就被邀请开始另一旅程.
No sooner had the sun shown itself above the horizon than he got out of bed to commence work.太阳刚从地平线上升起,他就起床劳动去了.
Hardly had I sat down when he stepped in.我刚坐下,他就进来了.
He had hardly fallen asleep when he felt a soft touch on his shoulder.这个阿拉伯人刚要入睡就感到肩膀上被轻轻一触.
6.由by the time引导的时间状语从句.注意时态的变化：在一般情况下,如果从句的谓语动词用一般过去时,主句的谓语动词用过去完成时；如果主句的谓语动词用一般现在时,主句的谓语动词用将来完成时.例如：
By the time you came back, I had finished this book.到你回来时,我已经写完这本书了.
By the time you come here tomorrow, I will have finished this work. 你明天来这儿的时候,我将已经完成此工作了.
7.由each time, every time和whenever引导的时间状语从句.例如：
Each time he came to Harbin, he would call on me. 他每次来哈尔滨,总是来看我.
Whenever that man says“To tell the truth”, I suspect that he's about to tell a lie.每当那个人说“说实在话”的时候,我猜想他就要说谎了.
You grow younger every time I see you. 每次遇到你,见你更年轻了.
8.由as long as和so long as引导的时间状语从句.这两个连词表示“有多久……就多久”.例如：
You can go where you like as long as you get back before dark. 你可以随意到哪里去,只要在天黑以前回来就行.
I will fight against these conditions as long as there is a breath in my body! 只要我一息尚存,我就要反对这种境况.
三 地点状语从句
§4地点状语从句 (adverbial clause of place)
地点状语从句一般由连接副词where, wherever等引导,已经形成了固定的句型,例如：
句型1：Where＋地点从句,（there）＋主句.
【注意】此句型通常译成“哪里……哪里就……”；主句在从句后面时,there可用可不用；如果主句在从句的前面时,一般都不用there.例如：
Where there is no rain, farming is difficult or impossible.在没有雨水的地方,耕作是困难的,或根本不可能的.
They were good persons. Where they went, there they were warmly welcomed. 他们都是好人.因此他们走到哪里都受到热烈欢迎.
You should have put the book where you found it. 你本来应该把书放回原来的地方.
Where the Communist Party of China goes, there the people are liberated.哪里有了中国共产党,哪里人民得解放.
句型2：Anywhere/ wherever＋地点从句,＋主句.
【注意】anywhere本身是个副词,但是,常可以引导从句,相当于连词,意思相似于wherever, anywhere引导的从句可位于主句之前,也可以位于主句之后. 而wherever本身就是个连词,表示“在何处,无论何处”.例如：
Wherever the sea is , you will find seamen.有海就有海员. 就这么多吧
像你列举的predict这种动词后面可以跟wh-从句（how, what, when, where, which, who或why），这种动词还有arrange, calculate, check, choose, debate, determine, discover, discuss, establish, find out, forget, guess, imagine, know, learn, notice, plan, realise, remember, say, see, talk about, think (about), understand, wonder
例：That might explain why he's unhappy.
I couldn't decide which train to catch.
Let's consider how we can solve the problem.
上面提及的动词还可以跟that-从句
例：I decided that I ought to leave.
这些动词除了还可以跟除why以外的wh-从句+to do
例：Did you find out where to go?
注意如果wh-从句中有主语，则不能用to do
例：I can't imagine what he likes about jazz.
有些动词必须在动词后wh-从句前加宾语，这类动词有advise, inform, instruct, teach, warn.
例：She reminded me what (I had) to do.
I told Linda how to get to my house.
动词ask和show通常会在wh-从句前加宾语，但不是必须的。
例：I asked (him) how I could get to the station, and he told me.
以下动词可以跟宾语+wh疑问词+to do
例：She taught me how to play chess.
I showed her where to put her coat.
通常用the way代替how表达路线或意义
例：Go back the way (that/by which) you came. （或不太正式用Go back how you came.）
Have you noticed the way (that/in which) he spins the ball? （或...noticed how he spins...?）
注意不能用'the way how' （比如不能说Go back the way how you came.）
想要表达可能做出的选择时，whether可以作为wh-从句中的一种使用，和if意思相近
例：He couldn't remember whether/if he had turned the computer off.
有些动词可以跟whether+to do来谈论两者或两者以上间的选择，注意if不能跟to do连用，这类动词有choose, consider, debate, determine, discuss, know（用在疑问句和否定句中），think about, wonder（译为说或考虑做出选择时）。其它说话或者考虑做出选择的动词则不能使用改规则，此类动词有ask, conclude, explain, imagine, realise, speculate, think.
例：You have 14 days to decide whether to keep it or not. （不能是...to decide if to keep it or not.）
whether从句和that从句有区别，需注意
例：I didn't know whether the shop was shut. （不知道商店关没关）
I didn't know that the shop was shut. （商店是关的）
正式书写中，wh-从句前可以加as to表示about或concerning的意思，一般常见于whether前
例：Opinion was divided as to whether the findings from the study were representative of the population as a whole. （或者用不太正式的句型...divided whether）
就是说predict 这个词后可以接that 引起的宾语从句。
夏店安必： 就是说predict 这个词后可以接that 引起的宾语从句.
澄城县19311376695： 这句话中为什么有being这个词(语法结构是什么)? - ？
夏店安必： 中的wrong加了引号 指的是wrong这个单词 所以起得是名词作用 故前面 无需加being 意思是 这个单词 可以 读作"这是动名词 因为as 作为介词 后面只能是名词或动名词 如果去掉being 后面的形容词是不能作介词宾语的 所以 【being】 either agglomerative (bottom-up) ordivisive (top-down)是动名词短语 作介词as的宾语 注意 agglomerative 和divisive 是形容词 这是介词短语作方式状语 The word can be pronounced as ＂;wrong＂wrong
澄城县19311376695： 一个有比喻意义的带“桥”的词语,并解释它的含义 词语 词语解释 - ？
夏店安必： 书桥 让读者达到知识彼岸的书.
澄城县19311376695： "是什么意思?是在英语语法书上的,出现了很多遍,请释疑~？
夏店安必： 引用语,引用自*** 也有引号的意思,QQ空间有时候会出现乱码,你打的引号就变成这个单词了.
澄城县19311376695： saved 汉语意思 - ？
夏店安必： vt.解救, 保存, 保全, 保留, 节省, 储蓄 vi.挽救, 节省, 救球 prep.除...之外 n.救球
澄城县19311376695： 请问这个&符合怎么读一般表示什么意思谢谢 - ？
夏店安必： 一般读英文and ;是汉语中的“和”意思.表示并列.
澄城县19311376695： 请问"疑问词+ という"点解?查不到呢~~~. - ？
夏店安必： 您好, 回答如下;========================================================~~という 的前面若是接疑问句的话, 有＂该如何说?＂ ＂ 要怎么说?＂ 的意思.有时并不是说有确定的人/事/物, 这时就可以用疑问句, 表示不确定/不...
澄城县19311376695： 请问这个符合& 什么意思? 谢谢 - ？
夏店安必： 它是 “and,表示等等,其他. 图中是 & 字符的进化过程, and BASIC)中,在现代语文中被频繁使用,随着印刷技术的发展. 如,张三&李四,在编程语言(如 MySQL.在多装&的圆体写法中.& 包含在任何罗马字体中. 在当代,4 到 6 ...
澄城县19311376695： 英语单词本上,请问这两个红圈里的标记是什么意思? - ？
夏店安必： 第一个是加s表示一类学科,第二个加s表示复数.
澄城县19311376695： 请问,这个用英语怎么说?有英语说 - ？
夏店安必： Excuse me. How do you this that in English?也可以是 Excuse me.what's this in English?请问,这个用英语怎么说?” 楼上的 要有礼貌些 前面要加 Excuse me 才是 请问 额
