西安 汉阳陵 英语讲解词

作者&投稿:穆歪 (若有异议请与网页底部的电邮联系)
汉阳陵地下博物馆英文导游词~

汉阳陵就在西铜高速公路和西安机场高速公路的交汇处附近,建有地下博物馆,从市区去咸阳机场都会经过这里。市区有3-16路车(编号就是3-16,不是3到16呀)从万寿北路口开出,经停站包括西安火车站,到达汉阳陵。
汉阳陵
阳陵是汉景帝刘启及其皇后王氏同茔异穴的合葬陵园,位于今陕西省咸阳市渭城区正阳镇张家湾、后沟村北的咸阳原上, 地跨咸阳市渭城区、泾阳县、高陵县三县区。

1990年5月以来,陕西省考古研究所对汉景帝阳陵进行了较大规模的调查、测绘、钻探、发掘和研究,取得了许多令人瞩目的发掘研究成果。阳陵陵园平面呈不规则葫芦形,东西长近6公里,南北宽1至3公里,面积约12平方公里。由帝陵,后陵,南、北区从葬坑,刑徒墓地,陵庙等礼制建筑,陪葬墓园及阳陵邑等部分组成。帝陵座西面东,居于陵园的中部偏西;后陵、南区从葬坑、北区从葬坑、一号建筑基址等距分布于帝陵四角;嫔妃陪葬墓区和罗经石遗址位于帝陵南北两侧,左右对称;刑徒墓地及三处建筑遗址在帝陵西侧,南北一字排列;陪葬墓园棋盘状分布于帝陵东侧的司马道两侧;阳陵邑则设置在陵园的东端。整个陵园以帝陵为中心,四角拱卫,南北对称,东西相连,布局规整,结构严谨,显示了唯我独尊的皇家意识和严格的等级观念。

阳陵帝、后陵均为"亚"字形,座西面东的探明,在西汉十一陵考古中是第一次。这次发现基本解决了学术界关于汉陵面南还是面东这一长期争论不休的难题,否定了汉代帝陵依照昭穆制度进行布局的论点,解决了汉代帝陵制度研究的一大难题。

帝陵园内86座从葬坑的钻探发现和试掘为汉陵的田野调查、钻探和发掘提出了新的课题,为帝陵制度的研究开辟了新的视野。这些从葬坑的分布和坑内陪葬物品的放置,无疑与当时宫廷的制度等有关,因而对这批从葬坑的发掘和研究,对汉代宫廷制度、帝王生活、陪葬习俗的研究都具有重大价值。

帝陵陵园南门阙是目前发掘的时代最早,等级最高,规模最大,保存最好的三出阙遗址,它的发掘对于门阙的起源、发展,门阙制度的形成、影响,以及中国古代建筑史的研究等有着重要作用。此外,南阙门遗址还出土有目前发现最早的砖质围棋盘、陶质脊兽和最大的板瓦等。

位于帝陵东南、后陵正南的南区从葬坑和帝陵西北的北区从葬坑,分别占地96000平方米。 90年-97年,先后对南区的14座坑进行了部分试掘或整体发掘,这些坑中有排列密集的武士俑群,有堆放粮食的仓库,还有牛、羊、猪、狗、鸡等陶质动物及成组的陶、铁、铜质生活用具,全面展现了汉代的军旅场景,可能与西汉时期的"南军"、"北军"有一定关系。

罗经石遗址位于帝陵东南。此处地形隆起,外貌呈缓坡状。根据考古钻探得知,遗址平面近方形,边长约260米,外围有壕沟环绕。遗址中心部分的最高处放置着一块方形巨石,当地群众叫做"罗经石",经测定为正南北方向。据研究推测,它可能为修建阳陵时标定水平、测量高度和标示方位之用,是目前世界上发现的最早的测量标石 。这处建筑遗址地势高亢,布局规整,规模宏大,应该是阳陵陵园中最重要的礼制性建筑之一。

刑徒墓地在帝陵西北约1.5公里处,其面积达8万平方米,70年代初被发现,估计葬于此地的刑徒在万人以上。72年发掘了其中的29座墓葬,发现了35具人骨架,其墓葬排列无序,尸骨凌乱,相互枕籍,埋葬草率,均无陪葬品。骨架上大多戴有"钳"、"釱"等类铁制刑具,有的还有明显的砍斫痕迹。

陪葬墓园区西起帝陵东侧约1100米处,东到马家湾乡米家崖村塬边。全长2350米,占地约3.5平方公里。整个墓区被壕沟分成若干个方块,成为墓园,这些墓园东西成排,南北成列,呈棋盘状分布。这次发现的陪葬墓园数量众多,围沟完整,布局规整,排列有序,显然是经过精心设计和安排的。这一发现在西汉十一座帝陵的考古研究中是首次的,具有重要的研究价值。

1998年以来,陕西省委、省政府根据我省实际情况,结合汉阳陵遗址分布密集、规模宏大,地上、地下文物资源十分丰富等特点,本着滚动开发的原则,在核心区内征用了2894亩文物保护和建设用地,拟将汉阳陵建成一个功能、设施、质量等均为世界一流的大遗址保护和社会效益、经济效益、环境效益统一的汉文化综合旅游风景区。1999年9月30日,经陕西省文物局评审验收,汉文化旅游景区的先期工程--汉阳陵考古陈列馆正式竣工并向社会开放。陈列馆陈列面积1400平方米,展线350米,展出文物1770件。同时,还限制性开放了南区从葬坑、罗经石遗址、帝陵排水渠道、南门阙遗址和帝陵从葬坑等六个零散景点。

在今后几年里,陕西省将投巨资开发和建设阳陵,随着阳陵考古事业的发展,这里将会成为世人瞩目的旅游胜地和考古与文物保护基地。

阳陵的考古科研成果是举世瞩目的,它的钻探、发掘、研究成果为西汉帝陵的埋葬、陪葬制度的研究奠定了坚实的基础,为研究西汉社会的政治、经济、文化生活等提供了大量详实的实物资料,为西汉诸陵的考古研究中起到了先导和借鉴的作用,汉阳陵考古陈列馆的对外开放则向世人展示了整个"文景之治"的盛况。

Xi'an Hanyangling Museum


  汉阳陵是汉景帝刘启及其皇后王氏同茔异穴的合葬陵园,位于今陕西省咸阳市渭城区正阳镇张家湾、后沟村北的咸阳原上,地跨咸阳市渭城区、泾阳县、高陵县三县区。
  1990年5月以来,陕西省考古研究所对汉景帝阳陵进行了较大规模的调查、测绘、钻探、发掘和研究,取得了许多令人瞩目的发掘研究成果。汉阳陵陵园平面呈不规则葫芦形,东西长近6公里,南北宽1至3公里,面积约12平方公里。由帝陵,后陵,南、北区从葬坑,刑徒墓地,陵庙等礼制建筑,陪葬墓园及阳陵邑等部分组成。帝陵座西面东,居于陵园的中部偏西;后陵、南区从葬坑、北区从葬坑、一号建筑基址等距分布于帝陵四角;嫔妃陪葬墓区和罗经石遗址位于帝陵南北两侧,左右对称;刑徒墓地及三处建筑遗址在帝陵西侧,南北一字排列;陪葬墓园棋盘状分布于帝陵东侧的司马道两侧;阳陵邑则设置在陵园的东端。整个陵园以帝陵为中心,四角拱卫,南北对称,东西相连,布局规整,结构严谨,显示了唯我独尊的皇家意识和严格的等级观念。
  汉阳陵帝、后陵均为"亚"字形,座西面东的探明,在西汉十一陵考古中是第一次。这次发现基本解决了学术界关于汉陵面南还是面东这一长期争论不休的难题,否定了汉代帝陵依照昭穆制度进行布局的论点,解决了汉代帝陵制度研究的一大难题。
  帝陵园内86座从葬坑的钻探发现和试掘为汉陵的田野调查、钻探和发掘提出了新的课题,为帝陵制度的研究开辟了新的视野。这些从葬坑的分布和坑内陪葬物品的放置,无疑与当时宫廷的制度等有关,因而对这批从葬坑的发掘和研究,对汉代宫廷制度、帝王生活、陪葬习俗的研究都具有重大价值。
  帝陵陵园南门阙是目前发掘的时代最早,等级最高,规模最大,保存最好的三出阙遗址,它的发掘对于门阙的起源、发展,门阙制度的形成、影响,以及中国古代建筑史的研究等有着重要作用。此外,南阙门遗址还出土有目前发现最早的砖质围棋盘、陶质脊兽和最大的板瓦等。
  位于帝陵东南、后陵正南的南区从葬坑和帝陵西北的北区从葬坑,分别占地96000平方米。 90年-97年,先后对南区的14座坑进行了部分试掘或整体发掘,这些坑中有排列密集的武士俑群,有堆放粮食的仓库,还有牛、羊、猪、狗、鸡等陶质动物及成组的陶、铁、铜质生活用具,全面展现了汉代的军旅场景,可能与西汉时期的"南军"、"北军"有一定关系。
  罗经石遗址位于帝陵东南。此处地形隆起,外貌呈缓坡状。根据考古钻探得知,遗址平面近方形,边长约260米,外围有壕沟环绕。遗址中心部分的最高处放置着一块方形巨石,当地群众叫做"罗经石",经测定为正南北方向。据研究推测,它可能为修建阳陵时标定水平、测量高度和标示方位之用,是目前世界上发现的最早的测量标石 。这处建筑遗址地势高亢,布局规整,规模宏大,应该是阳陵陵园中最重要的礼制性建筑之一。
  刑徒墓地在帝陵西北约1.5公里处,其面积达8万平方米,70年代初被发现,估计葬于此地的刑徒在万人以上。72年发掘了其中的29座墓葬,发现了35具人骨架,其墓葬排列无序,尸骨凌乱,相互枕籍,埋葬草率,均无陪葬品。骨架上大多戴有"钳"、"釱"等类铁制刑具,有的还有明显的砍斫痕迹。
  陪葬墓园区西起帝陵东侧约1100米处,东到马家湾乡米家崖村塬边。全长2350米,占地约3.5平方公里。整个墓区被壕沟分成若干个方块,成为墓园,这些墓园东西成排,南北成列,呈棋盘状分布。这次发现的陪葬墓园数量众多,围沟完整,布局规整,排列有序,显然是经过精心设计和安排的。这一发现在西汉十一座帝陵的考古研究中是首次的,具有重要的研究价值。
  Han Yangling is the Han Jing Di Liu and Wang with the Queen's grave buried together different points of the cemetery, located in Xianyang City, Shaanxi Province this is Weicheng Qu Zhangjiawan Town, north of the village after the original Xianyang, across the city of Xianyang Weicheng Qu , Jingyang, Gao Lingxian three counties.
  Since May 1990, the Shaanxi Provincial Archaeological Institute of Han Jing Di Yang Ling carried out large-scale survey, mapping, drilling, excavation and research, has achieved many remarkable research to explore. Han Yangling Mausoleum plane was irregular-shaped gourd, nearly 6 km from east to west, north-south 1-3 km wide, with an area of about 12 square kilometers. The Mausoleum, the tomb after the South, the North from the mass grave, the prison cemetery, mausoleum, and other temple-building ceremony, Yang Ling and Pei Zangmu Park town, and other parts. Mausoleum west of the East Block, in the cemetery in the central west; after the hills, the south from the mass graves, mass graves from the North, one construction-site equidistant Mausoleum located in the corners; Peizang Mu Fei Bin Luo and the district by Stone Site is located on both sides of the North-South Mausoleum, symmetrical; prison cemetery and three construction sites in the west side of the Mausoleum, North-South arrangement of the word; Peizang Mu chessboard-like park located in the eastern side of the Mausoleum of both sides of the Sima Road; Yang Ling ap Is in the cemetery at the eastern end. Mausoleum of the entire cemetery in the center, protect the corners, the north-south symmetry, things connected, the layout of regular, well-structured, showing the self-awareness of the Royal and strict hierarchy.
  Emperor Han Yangling, after the hills are "sub"-shaped, west of the East Block of proven, Ling archeology in the Western Han Dynasty XI is the first time. This finding has basically solved the Han Tomb on the academic side or the South East side of this debate the long-term problems, denial of the Han Dynasty Mausoleum Zhaomu system in accordance with the layout of the argument, the settlement of the Han Dynasty Mausoleum of a major study of the system Problems.
  Mausoleum in the park from 86 mass graves found in the drilling and for the Excavation of Han Tomb of the field research, drilling and exploring a new subject for the study of Mausoleum of the system opened up new horizons. From these mass graves and the distribution of pit to place the items buried with the dead, and no doubt at the time of the court system, so the group from the excavation of mass graves and research, the court system of the Han Dynasty, the imperial life, funerary practices of the research is of great价值.
  South Gate Cemetery Mausoleum Que is the first excavation of the times, the highest level, the largest and best preserved ruins Que 3, and its doors for Que explore the origin, development, Que door system formation, impact, as well as in ancient China Building in the history of research has an important role. In addition, the South Gate Que sites also have unearthed the earliest found in the current quality of the brick go chess set, ceramic ridge and the largest animal Banwa and so on.
  Mausoleum is located in the southeast and due south of the hills after the Southern District from mass graves in the northwest and the Mausoleum of mass graves from the North District, covers an area of 96,000 square meters respectively. 90 years -97 years, one after another in the Southern District of the 14 pits were discovered as a whole or part of the test dig, the pit has arranged intensive warrior figurines group, piling up the food warehouse, but also cattle, sheep, pigs, dogs, Ceramic animals such as chickens and groups of pottery, iron, copper utensils life, a complete picture of the Han Dynasty of the military scene, may be related to the Western Han period, "Southern Army", "Northern Forces" have a certain relationship.
  Luo Shi by the Mausoleum is located southeast of the site. Uplift terrain here, was gentle slope-like appearance. According to the archaeological drilling that in recent site of a square plane, while about 260 meters, a trench around the periphery. Center, site of some of the top place with a square piece of stone, called the local people "by Luo Shi", as measured by the north-south direction is. According to the study speculated that it may be for the construction of Yang Ling, when the level of calibration, measurement of height and position of the mark, is the world's first discovery of the standard measurement of stone. This construction site resounding terrain, the layout of regular, large-scale, Yang Ling should be the cemetery of the most important ceremony of construction of one of the system.
  Mausoleum in the prison cemetery about 1.5 kilometers to the northwest, the area of 80,000 square meters, was found in the early 70's, is estimated to be buried here in prison for more than 10,000 people. 72-year excavation of the 29 tombs, found 35 human skeletons, arranged in order of their graves, the remains messy, pillow each other nationality, buried in haste, no items buried with the dead. Most of the skeleton wearing a "clamp" and "Di" and other types of iron instruments of torture, there are some obvious signs of chop chop.
  Pei Zangmu Park West from the eastern side of the Mausoleum of about 1100 meters, east to Ma Wan Xiang Jia Ya-meter highland village edge. A total length of 2350 meters, covering about 3.5 square kilometers. Muqu as a whole has been divided into a number of trench box, into the cemetery, the cemetery of these things into a row out into North and South, was board-like distribution. Pei Zangmu found in the garden of the large number Wai integrity of the ditch, structured layout, arranged in an orderly manner, is clearly designed and arranged. The discovery in the Western Han Dynasty Mausoleum of the 11 archaeological study is the first time, an important research value.


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但疮妇科: 门票80!地址:西安咸阳国际机场专线公路东段 乘车线路: 西安方向从大唐芙蓉园南门乘游4路;咸阳方向从火车站乘公交5路. 自驾车——从西安出发向北经西铜高速公路过渭河大桥进入西安咸阳国际机场专线公路即可到达;咸阳经西安咸阳...

华县15044734328: 求关于西安的韩语导游词. -
但疮妇科: 서안 관광 프로필 서안 독특한 관광 자원, 세계의 유명...

华县15044734328: 西安钟鼓楼城墙的英文导游解说词是什么? -
但疮妇科:[答案] The Bell Tower Drum Tower and the City Well in Xi'an Good morning Ladies and Gentlemen:Today we will have three places to visit—the Bell Tower the Drum Tower and the City Well.First we come to the B...

华县15044734328: 马上去西安旅游了,请帮忙介绍西安的旅游景点及酒店经济实惠的旅游线
但疮妇科: 一 市内景点 钟楼:位于西安市中心,建于明1384年,高36米,外部重檐3层,但内部仅上下两层,是我国古代木结构建筑,一个巨大的钟被装置在楼上原用于报警报时. ...

华县15044734328: 外国游客喜欢哪些景点?近年来外国游客喜欢中国的哪些景点?能够集中
但疮妇科: 陕西的兵马俑,法门寺,华山,乾陵,昭陵,汉阳陵,还有西安即将召开的世园会等等....

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